Review on Hybrid Carbon/Flax Composites and Their Properties

Table 3

Overview of the components used for the manufacture of hybrid carbon/flax composites.

CF	(g/m^2)	Content CF	FLA	(g/m^2)	Content FLA	Content CF & FLA	Matrix	Reference
Twill	300	0–52 vol.%	Twill	350	0–39 vol.%	-	EP	[14]
Twill	300	0–55 vol.%	UD fabric	200	0–32 vol.%	-	EP	[24]
Twill 2/2	200	50 vol.%	Plain	235	NS	32–40.5 vol.%	EP	[19]
Twill 2/2	240	0–58 vol.%	Hopsack 4/4; Twill 2/2	500; 420	NS	-	EP	[18]
UD prepreg	476	37 wt.% (prepreg)	Twill 2/2 prepreg; Ribs 4/4 prepreg	315; 190	55 wt.% (prepreg)	-	EP	[13]
UD prepreg	300	NS	UD prepreg	180	NS	56–62 vol.%	EP	[15]
UD prepreg	NS	NS	Quasi-UD-prepreg	180	NS	50 vol.%	EP	[16]
UD prepreg	NS	57 vol.% (prepreg)	UD prepreg	NS	58–60 vol.% (prepreg)	NS	EP	[9]
UD fabric	320	NS	Twill; Plain	220; 150	NS	49–51.5 vol.%	EP	[12]
UD fabric	448	0–61 vol.%	UD fabric	275	0–38 vol.%	38–61 vol.%	EP	[17]
UD fabric	NS		UD fabric	NS		50 vol.%^1	Bio-EP	[8]
Plain	197	0–66 vol.%	Hopsack 4/4	500	0–29 vol.%	29–66 vol.%	EP	[25]
Plain	200	12 wt.%	UD fabric	380	27 wt.%	53 wt.%^2	EP	[21]
Plain	200	ca. 10–20 wt.%	Plain	435	ca. 27–31 wt.%	ca. 27–51 wt.%	Bio-EP	[22]
Short rCF (pyrolysis)	-	100–0 wt.%^3	Short fibers	-	0–75 wt.%	35 vol.%	EP	[23]
Short rCF (dry fiber cut-off)	-	30–0 vol.%	Staple fibers		0–30 vol.%	30 vol.%	EP	[26]
Woven (NS)	480	NS	UD mat	NS	NS	NS	EP	[20]

Note: CF: carbon fibers; FLA: flax fibers; EP: epoxy; ρ: density; rCF: recycled carbon fibers; NS: not stated. ¹Planned fiber volume fraction. ²Third fiber type used: 14 wt.% basalt fibers. ³Relative indication compared to other specimens.