Conducting Polymer-Based Composite Materials for Therapeutic Implantations: From Advanced Drug Delivery System to Minimally Invasive Electronics

Figure 5

Structural design of ultraflexible syringe-injectable mesh electronics. (a) Schematic of a conventional mesh electronic probe. (b) Schematic of the mesh electronic unit cell, highlighting key probe design parameters, including the angle between longitudinal and transverse elements (), the longitudinal element width (), the transverse element width (), the longitudinal interconnect metal width (), and the transverse element thickness (). For the standard mesh (,  μm,  μm,  μm, and  nm). (c) Schematic of ultraflexible 2D mesh electronics to facilitate loading and injection using reduced diameter needles and injection volumes, where ,  μm, and  nm; parameters for the longitudinal elements are the same as in the standard design highlighted in panel (b). (d) Schematic of ultraflexible 1D mesh electronics with transverse element removal in the implantation site, i.e., and equal to zero, and the parameters for the longitudinal elements and transverse elements external to the implantation region are the same as the 2D probes highlighted in panel (c). Orange lines represent the gold interconnects, dark blue lines represent two SU-8 layers for interconnect insulation, and the cyan line represents a single SU-8 layer [100].