Enhanced Thermal Insulation and Flame-Retardant Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Aerogels Composited with Ammonium Polyphosphate and Chitosan

<table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Sample ID</td><td class="align_center">Composites</td><td class="align_center">TTI (s)</td><td class="align_center">PHRR (kW/m<sup>2</sup>)</td><td class="align_center">THR (MJ/m<sup>2</sup>)</td><td class="align_center">TTPHRR<sup>a</sup> (s)</td><td class="align_center">TSR<sup>b</sup> (m<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>)</td><td class="align_center">FGR<sup>c</sup> (kW/m<sup>2</sup> s)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">1</td><td class="align_center">PVA/H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub></td><td class="align_center">66</td><td class="align_center">294.9</td><td class="align_center">21.5</td><td class="align_center">88</td><td class="align_center">273.0</td><td class="align_center">3.35</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">2</td><td class="align_center">PVA/5APP-CS/H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub></td><td class="align_center">67</td><td class="align_center">189.6</td><td class="align_center">19.3</td><td class="align_center">107</td><td class="align_center">641.2</td><td class="align_center">1.69</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">3</td><td class="align_center">PVA/10APP-CS/H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub></td><td class="align_center">76</td><td class="align_center">121.1</td><td class="align_center">17.8</td><td class="align_center">140</td><td class="align_center">480.9</td><td class="align_center">0.86</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">4</td><td class="align_center">PVA/15APP-CS/H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub></td><td class="align_center">156</td><td class="align_center">68.1</td><td class="align_center">17.5</td><td class="align_center">240</td><td class="align_center">716.6</td><td class="align_center">0.28</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="8"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="table-fn"><td><div><sup>a</sup>TTPHRR = time to PHRR. <sup>b</sup>TSR = total smoke release. <sup>c</sup><span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.5612pt" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-3.27287pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 109.357 12.5612" width="109.357pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M493 503C489 551 484 614 483 650H43V622C120 616 128 611 128 525V126C128 40 120 34 40 28V0H312V28C221 34 213 40 213 126V307H316C407 307 412 296 424 227H453V420H424C412 355 407 346 316 346H213V584C213 613 216 616 246 616H322C398 616 419 607 436 579C449 559 455 539 464 499L493 503Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.877,0)"><path d="M692 302H438V274C537 267 543 260 543 188V103C543 61 531 48 511 37C489 26 458 20 424 20C231 20 146 188 146 333C146 517 258 630 411 630C507 630 582 597 606 474L634 480C627 546 622 601 619 636C586 643 510 665 426 665C230 665 44 552 44 321C44 122 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<div>Combustion parameters obtained from cone calorimeter tests.</div>

International Journal of Polymer Science

tab4

Table 4

Table 4: Enhanced Thermal Insulation and Flame-Retardant Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Aerogels Composited with Ammonium Polyphosphate and Chitosan 

Table 4 | Enhanced Thermal Insulation and Flame-Retardant Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Aerogels Composited with Ammonium Polyphosphate and Chitosan 