The increasing deficiencies of sustainable energy sources and environmental problems have become serious issues. Cellulose, one of the most abundant polysaccharides and renewable resources on the earth, is biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic in nature. Moreover, cellulose-based materials have been attracting considerable attention and are widely used in environmental protection, water treatment, biomedics, and other fields. Cellulose could be used as an important resource for the transform to bioethanol, biomaterials, and biochemicals. Cellulose-based materials could also be used as carbon source to prepare the carbon materials. As environmentally friendly biomass materials, cellulose-based materials may meet the requirement of energy and environmental fields, inducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and associated global climate change and increasing the development of sustainability economics.

The performance of cellulose-based materials depends critically on their structure, shape, size, size distribution, and properties. Therefore, development of simple, fast, and low-cost methods and technologies for the synthesis of cellulose-based materials is of great importance for broadening and improving their industrial applications. Obviously, it is of great importance to understand the mechanism and properties of cellulose-based materials. The aim of this issue is to explore the new synthetic methods, characterization analysis techniques, and high value-added applications fields of cellulose-based materials. Moreover, the application of cellulose-based materials for drug delivery and water treatment will be greatly appreciated.

Those original articles and review articles are welcomed, in which researchers expend massive efforts on how to explore more and more excellent synthetic methods and technologies of cellulose materials and try to develop high-value applications in energy, environmental protection, water treatment, biomedics, and other fields.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Cellulose separation from natural resources and its characterization
• New synthesis and characterization methods for cellulose materials, such as films, hydrogels, aerogel, and carbon aerogels
• Synthesis and applications of carbon materials from cellulose materials
• Applications of cellulose-based materials for drug delivery and water treatment