Targeting Nuclear Hormone Receptors: PPARα Agonists as Potential Disease-Modifying Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 1

Some metabolic effects of PPARα agonists with their relevance to RA.

Parameter	Effect of PPARα agonists	Relevant changes in RA
TG	↓ [18]	TG levels are weakly related to ischaemic stroke [8]
HDL	↑ [19], higher effect correlates with lower serum homocysteine concentrations [13]	HDL-c levels are decreased [10]
Total cholesterol	↓ [18]	No changes in total cholesterol revealed in a recent meta-analysis [10]
oxLDL	No effect due to increase in homocysteine, folic acid coadministration may potentiate fenofibrate antioxidative capacity directed on oxLDL [15]	Increase of oxLDL concentrations [14]
Homocysteine	↑ [20]	Homocysteine concentrations are increased; however, this may be corrected by folic acid intake [16]

TG: triglyceride, HDL: high density lipoprotein, oxLDL: oxidized low density lipoprotein, ↑: increase, ↓: decrease.