Deferoxamine Suppresses Collagen Cleavage and Protease, Cytokine, and COL10A1 Expression and Upregulates AMPK and Krebs Cycle Genes in Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage

Figure 3

Effects of DFO on the expression of genes responsible for collagen cleavage, chondrocyte hypertrophy and inflammation, collagen synthesis, and hypoxia. Relative gene expression with reference to -actin is compared with controls, as determined by real-time PCR analyses in osteoarthritic cartilage explant cultures in the presence or absence (control) of 10 M deferoxamine (DFO) at 48 hours. The means ± SDs for all seven patients (a–g) are shown in (h) (Wilcoxon matched pairs test). Asterisks () indicate significant differences compared to the control (). The age and gender of each patient are indicated. M1, MMP-1; M13, MMP-13; CK, cathepsin K; cX, COL10A1; C2, COL2A1; HIF, HIF1; IL, IL-1; TNF, TNF .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)