The Impact of Different Classification Criteria Sets on the Estimated Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Diastolic Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 1

Recorded characteristics in 176 patients with RA.

Demographic characteristics
Age at study time, years	58.4 (12.4)
Age at disease onset, years	42.3 (14.1)
Female sex, %	81.6
Lifestyle factors
Exercise, %	32.4
Alcohol use, %	31.8
Currently smoking, %	10.1
Anthropometry
Body mass index, kg/m^2	26.7 (5.3)
Waist circumference, cm	91 (13)
Waist-hip ratio	0.88 (0.09)
Metabolic risk factors
Hypertension, %	40.2
SBP, mm Hg	128 (15)
DBP, mm Hg	81 (8)
Pulse pressure, mm Hg	47 (13)
Total cholesterol, mmol/l	4.5 (1.1)
HDL cholesterol, mmol/l	1.64 (0.47)
LDL cholesterol, mmol/l	2.42 (0.88)
Triglycerides, mmol/l	0.95 (0.7–1.3)
Cholesterol-HDL ratio	2.7 (2.3–3.3)
Dyslipidemia, %	49.2
Diabetes, %	5.0
Glucose, mmol/l	4.8 (4.5–5.1)
HOMA-IR	1.4 (1.0–1.9)
Cardiovascular agents, %
Antihypertensives	40.2
Statins	41.9
Ezetimibe	9.5
Oral glucose-lowering agents	1.7
Insulin	1.7
RA characteristics
RA duration, years	14.5 (8.9–22.0)
Rheumatoid factor-positive, %	73.7
ACPA-positive, %	69.5
CDAI	6 (1–13)
DAS 28	2.8 (1.7)
ESR, mm/h	12 (4–26)
CRP, mg/l	3.2 (1.2–8.0)
Leukocytes, /nl	5.5 (4.6–7.1)
Deformed joints,	0 (0–11)
Extra-articular manifestations, %	22
Stanford HAQ-DI	0.38 (0.0–0.88)
Synthetic DMARD, %
Methotrexate	75.4
Chloroquine	48.0
Leflunomide	40.2
Sulphasalazine	15.6
Tetracycline	16.2
Azathioprine	6.7
Current DMARDS,	2.0 (1.1)
Biological DMARD, %
TNF-α inhibitors	8.4
Abatacept	2.2
NSAID, %	32.9
Prednisone use, %	2.2
GFR, ml/min/1.73 m^2	99.3 (87.7–107.6)
Heart rate, beats per minute	72 (12)
Framingham score	3.02 (5.38)
Echocardiographic measures
	1.01 (0.82–1.32)
	11.10 (8.01–13.42)
Lateral , cm/s	9.60 (7.68–12.20)
Septal , cm/s	7.94 (6.38–9.64)
Left ventricular mass index, g/m^2	78.19 (66.11–92.72)
Left ventricular hypertrophy, %	19.3
Left ventricular RWT	0.44 (0.08)
Concentric remodeling, %	55.1
Stroke volume, ml	56.10 (20.21)
Ejection fraction, %	58.66 (13.20)
Depressed ejection fraction, %	21
Left atrial volume, ml	36.28 (11.51)
Left atrial volume index, ml/m^2	20.47 (5.92)
Increased LAVI, %	2.8
Classification of DD
DD by previous criteria, %	58.6
DD by new criteria, %	22.0

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of insulin resistance; ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibody; CDAI, clinical disease activity index; DAS28, disease activity score in 28 joints; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; HAQ-DI, Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; RWT, relative wall thickness; LAVI, left atrial volume index; DD, diastolic dysfunction.