Research Article
Exploring Online Synthesis for CGRAs with Specialized Operator Sets
Table 7
Influence of a specialized operator set with 3 multiplication operators and 1 division operator on benchmark applications.
| (a) Round key generation | | | | | | | | |
| Configuration | Rijndael | Twofish | RC6 | Serpent | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup |
| Plain software | 17760 | — | 525276 | — | 61723 | — | 44276 | — | 8 operators | 4480 | 3.96 | 37939 | 13.85 | 3580 | 17.24 | 6234 | 7.10 | 12 operators | 4427 | 4.01 | 37582 | 14.15 | 3580 | 17.24 | 6234 | 7.10 | 16 operators | 4427 | 4.01 | 37582 | 14.15 | 3580 | 17.24 | 6234 | 7.10 |
| | | | | | | | | | (b) Single block encryption | | | | | | | | |
| Configuration | Rijndael | Twofish | RC6 | Serpent | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup |
| Plain software | 21389 | — | 12864 | — | 17371 | — | 34855 | — | 8 operators | 6002 | 3.56 | 8413 | 1.53 | 2828 | 6.14 | 3224 | 10.81 | 12 operators | 6002 | 3.56 | 8404 | 1.53 | 2807 | 6.19 | 3219 | 10.83 | 16 operators | 6002 | 3.56 | 8404 | 1.53 | 2807 | 6.19 | 3219 | 10.83 |
| | | | | | | | | | (c) Hash & digest algorithms | | | | | | | | |
| Configuration | SHA-1 | | SHA-256 | | MD5 | Clock ticks | Speedup | | Clock ticks | Speedup | | Clock ticks | Speedup |
| Plain software | 23948 | — | | 47471 | — | | 11986 | — | 8 operators | 4561 | 5.25 | | 3601 | 13.18 | | 1485 | 8.07 | 12 operators | 4561 | 5.25 | | 3502 | 13.56 | | 1485 | 8.07 | 16 operators | 4561 | 5.25 | | 3502 | 13.56 | | 1485 | 8.07 |
| | | | | | | | | | (d) Image processing | | | | | | | | |
| Configuration | Sobel filter | | Grayscale filter | | Contrast filter | Clock ticks | Speedup | | Clock ticks | Speedup | | Clock ticks | Speedup |
| Plain software | 21124 | — | | 236 | — | | 608 | — | 8 operators | 2246 | 9.41 | | 75 | 3.15 | | 112 | 5.43 | 12 operators | 2246 | 9.41 | | 75 | 3.15 | | 112 | 5.43 | 16 operators | 2246 | 9.41 | | 75 | 3.15 | | 112 | 5.43 |
| | | | | | | | | | (e) JPEG Encoding | | | | | | | | |
| Configuration | JPEG-Encoder | Color space transformation | 2-D forward DCT | Quantization | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup | Clock ticks | Speedup |
| Plain software | 17368663 | — | 3436078 | — | 23054 | — | 7454 | — | 8 operators | 4650780 | 3.73 | 300618 | 11.43 | 2563 | 8.99 | 1816 | 4.10 | 12 operators | 4650780 | 3.73 | 300618 | 11.43 | 2563 | 8.99 | 1816 | 4.10 | 16 operators | 4650780 | 3.73 | 300618 | 11.43 | 2563 | 8.99 | 1816 | 4.10 |
|
|