Determination of Metals Present in Textile Dyes Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Cross-Validation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma/Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Table 3

Comparison of LIBS and ICP/AES.

Element	Wavelength (nm)	ICP/AES	LIBS; (standard calibration curve method)	CF-LIBS	LIBS; (intensities of every emission from every species)
Sample 1
Al	309.27	18.0238	17.0241	18.037	20.321
Ca	643.91	23.0335	23.0200	23.500	23.800
Cr	425.43	0.02700	0.02500	0.0200	0.0250
Cu	521.82	0.01600	0.01700	0.2000	0.1250
Fe	259.95	14.8900	14.9000	15.200	14.400
K	404.72	9.32890	9.31900	9.3500	8.7000
Mg	285. 21	11.3297	11.3280	11.389	11.380
Mn	383.43	9.24000	9.30000	10.400	9.7000
Na	588.99	13.3419	13.2000	14.310	15.900
Ni	336.95	1.01600	1.20000	1.5000	1.9000
Zn	334.50	0.02100	0.022000	0.0310	0.0200
Sample 2
Al	309.27	13.1330	13.3500	14.200	13.500
Ca	643.91	23.4099	23.9120	23.300	24.450
Cr	425.43	1.00930	1.01000	1.4200	1.9000
Cu	521.82	0.00200	0.00300	0.0090	0.0100
Fe	259.95	10.3170	10.5200	9.4000	11.200
K	404.72	12.0000	12.4000	13.700	12.950
Mg	285. 21	12.2970	12.3000	12.400	12.350
Mn	383.43	10.0459	10.0500	10.180	10.900
Na	588.99	10.0304	10.0200	10.030	11.000
Ni	336.95	2.03900	2.04000	2.6000	2.9000
Zn	334.50	2.54000	2.30000	2.9300	2.7000
Sample 3
Al	309.27	20.0208	20.0520	20.900	21.900
Ca	643.91	11.1722	11.3000	10.200	13.000
Cr	425.43	2.11110	2.11900	2.2300	2.3000
Cu	521.82	0.50000	0.59000	0.9000	0.6000
Fe	259.95	14.0170	14.1300	13.000	15.500
K	404.72	11.2350	11.2500	12.900	11.600
Mg	285. 21	10.0640	10.4000	10.090	11.050
Mn	383.43	11.0597	11.0700	14.080	13.060
Na	588.99	11.5500	11.4000	12.700	13.600
Ni	336.95	3.36900	3.57000	3.9000	3.7000
Zn	334.50	1.02200	1.03000	1.7000	2.0000