|
| Ref. | Number of patients | Endpoint | Summary of relevant findings |
|
| [20] | 499 | LN+ | 8.2% of T1 were LN+. Several features were independent predictors of LN+: tumor differentiation/mucinous histology, depth of submucosal invasion, venous invasion, and TuB. |
| [6] | 111 | LN+ | TuB was associated with LN+ in univariate but not multivariate analysis when analysed with protein markers. |
| [21] | 32 | DM | In comparison to a control group, TuB was more frequent in patients who eventually had a distant metastasis in univariate but not multivariate analysis. |
| [22] | 111 | LN+ | Several features were evaluated including lymphatic and venous invasion, submucosal depth, histologic type, and TuB. In multivariate analysis, only histologic type and TuB predicted LN+. |
| [23] | 65 | LN+ | T1-T2 rectal cancers. 6.9% of T1 were LN+. TuB predicted lateral LN+. |
| [24] | 322 | LN+ | 14.3% of T1 were LN+. Several features predicted LN+: invasion depth, lymphatic and venous invasion, tumor differentiation, growth pattern, and TuB. Only lymphatic invasion, differentiation, and TuB were independent predictors in multivariate analysis. |
| [25] | 124 | LN+ and DM | Elastica von Gieson, D2-40, and CAM5 were used to enhance visualization of venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and TuB, respectively. TuB was an independent predictor of LN+ and DM+ in multivariate analysis. |
| [26] | 87 | LN+ and LR | Prospective study evaluating two groups of patients after endoscopic resection: a surgical group and a follow-up group without surgery. TuB was the only independent predictor of LN+ in multivariate analysis. |
| [27] | 164 | LN+ | 9.8% of T1 were LN+. TuB was significantly associated with LN+ in univariate and multivariate analysis. |
| [28] | 71 | LN+ | Tumor size, depth of invasion, histologic type, TuB, and lymphatic invasion were predictors in univariate analysis but only TuB and lymphatic invasion were significant in multivariate analysis. |
| [29] | 86 | LN+ | 13% of T1 were LN+. Vascular invasion, tumor budding, and degree of submucosal invasion could be combined to strongly predict LN+. |
| [30] | 214 | LN+ | Several histopathological and protein markers were evaluated. TuB was a significant predictor in univariate and multivariate analysis. |
| [31] | 76 | LN+ | TuB can be used in a predictive equation for LN+. |
| [32] | 56 | LN+ | TuB evaluated using CAM5 was significantly more frequent in LN+ (16/42) than LN negative (0/14) cases. |
| [16] | 159 | LN+, OS | 10.1% of T1 were LN+ and were associated with several features including TuB. TuB did not influence overall survival. |
| [33] | 51 | LN+, LR | TuB was associated to lymphatic invasion, LN+, and local relapse. |
| [34] | 79 | LN+ | 13.9% were LN+. TuB was one of five risk factors for LN+. |
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