A new system-on-a-chip radar sensor for next-generation wearable wireless interface applied to the human health care and safeguard is presented. The system overview is provided and the feasibility study of the radar sensor is presented. In detail, the overall system consists of a radar sensor for detecting the heart and breath rates and a low-power IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee radio interface, which provides a wireless data link with remote data acquisition and control units. In particular, the pulse radar exploits 3.1&#x2013;10.6&#x2009;GHz ultra-wideband signals which allow a significant reduction of the transceiver complexity and then of its power consumption. The operating principle of the radar for the cardiopulmonary monitoring is highlighted and the results of the system analysis are reported. Moreover, the results obtained from the building-blocks design, the channel measurement, and the ultra-wideband antenna realization are reported.

Domenico Zito

Domenico Pepe

Bruno Neri

Fabio Zito

Danilo De Rossi

Antonio Lanat&#xe0;

Feasibility Study and Design of a Wearable System-on-a-Chip Pulse Radar for Contactless Cardiopulmonary Monitoring

The aim of this study was to investigate whether video consultations in the home can support a viable alternative to visits to the hospital outpatient clinic for patients with diabetic foot ulcers. And furthermore whether patients, relatives, visiting nurses, and experts at the hospital will experience satisfaction and increased confidence with this new course of treatment. Participatory design methods were applied as well as field observations, semistructured interviews, focus groups, and qualitative analysis of transcriptions of telemedical consultations conducted during a pilot test. This study shows that it is possible for experts at the hospital to conduct clinical examinations and decision making at a distance, in close cooperation with the visiting nurse and the patient. The visiting nurse experienced increased confidence with the treatment of the foot ulcer and characterized the consultations as a learning situation. All patients expressed satisfaction and felt confidence with this new way of working.

Jane Clemensen

Simon B. Larsen

Marit Kirkevold

Niels Ejskjaer

Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in the Home: Video Consultations as an Alternative to Outpatient Hospital Care

This paper surveys diabetes therapies from telemedicine viewpoint. In type 1 diabetes therapies, the exogenous insulin replacement is generally considered as a primary treatment. However, the complete replacement of exogenous insulin is still a challenging issue because of its complexity of modeling the dynamics, which is typically modeled nonlinearly. On the other hand, thanks to the progress of medical devices, currently the diabetes therapies are being automated. These medical devices include automated insulin pumps and blood glucose sensors. Insulin pumps are designed to create artificial insulin perfusion while they largely rely on the blood glucose profile measurements and these measurements are achieved by one or more blood glucose sensors. The blood glucose measurements are also important for the insulin-dependent diabetes therapies. An insulin pump along with sensors establishes a good feedback system providing the appropriate amount of the exogenous insulin on demand. Controlling the amount of exogenous insulin to suppress the blood glucose levels requires complicated computations. This paper mostly explains both type 1 and 2 diabetes and their mechanisms accompanied by descriptions of diabetes therapy and medical devices currently utilized in the therapy.

Daisuke Takahashi

Yang Xiao

Fei Hu

Michael Lewis

A Survey of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes—Part I: Therapies and Devices

Transtelephonic electrocardiographic transmission (TET) is the most widespread form of telecardiology since it enables clinicians to assess patients at a distance.  The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of TET either by fixed telephone line (POTS) or by mobile phone in the preparticipation screening of young athletes. A total of 506 players, aged 20.5 <svg style="vertical-align:-1.09097pt;width:10.825px;" id="M1" height="9.3249998" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 10.825 9.3249998" width="10.825"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg> 6.2 years, from 23 soccer clubs in the prefecture of Thessaloniki, Greece, were physically examined in their playfields by a general practitioner (GP) and had their ECG recorded.  In 142 cases, and on the judgment of the GP, the ECG was transmitted via POTS and/or global system for mobile communications (GSM) to a specialised medical centre where it was evaluated by a cardiologist.  The mean total time for recording, storing, and transmitting the ECG was four minutes per subject.  It was found that the success rate for transmission at first attempt was similar for both fixed and mobile networks, that is, 93&#x25; and 91&#x25;, respectively.  The failure rate in the GSM network was correlated to the reception level at the site of transmission.  Only in about half (<svg style="vertical-align:-0.10033pt;width:7.8874998px;" id="M2" height="7.1374998" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 7.8874998 7.1374998" width="7.8874998"  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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</svg> = 74) of the transmitted ECGs did the cardiologist confirm &#x201C;abnormal&#x201D; findings, although in 16, they were considered to be clinically insignificant.  Consequently, 58 athletes were referred for further medical examination.  Our results indicate that TET (either by fixed telephone line or by mobile phone) can ensure valid, reliable, and objective measurements, and significantly contribute to the application of medical screening in a great number of athletes. Therefore, it is recommended as an alternative diagnostic tool for the preparticipation screening of athletes living in remote areas. 

Theodoros  Samaras

Savvato  Karavasiliadou

Evangelia  Kouidi

John N. Sahalos

Asterios  Deligiannis

Transtelephonic Electrocardiographic Transmission in the Preparticipation Screening of Athletes

Research has shown that access to an asthma specialist improves asthma outcomes. We hypothesized
that we could improve access to expert asthma care through a telemedicine link between an asthma specialist and
a school-based asthma program. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 3 urban schools to ascertain the
feasibility of using an asthma-focused telemedicine solution. Each subject was seen by an asthma expert at 0, 8,
and 32 weeks. The assessment and recommendations for care were sent to the primary care physician (PCP) and parents
were told to contact their physician for follow-up care.  Eighty three subjects participated in the study. Subjects experienced
improvement (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:50.549999px;" id="M1" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 50.549999 11.375" width="50.549999"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>) in family social activities and the number of asthma attacks. Ninety four percent of subjects rated the
program as good or excellent. This study demonstrates the feasibility and acceptance of a school-based asthma program
using a telemedicine link to an asthma specialist.

David A. Bergman

Paul J. Sharek

Kathryn Ekegren

Shannon Thyne

Michelle Mayer

Mara Saunders

The Use of Telemedicine Access to Schools to Facilitate Expert Assessment of Children with Asthma

An estimated 5 million Americans have congestive heart failure (CHF) and one in five over the age of 40 will develop CHF. There are numerous examples of CHF patients living beyond the years normally expected for people with the disease, usually attributed to taking an active role in disease management. A relatively new alternative for CHF outpatient care is telemedicine and e-health. We investigated the effects of a 6-week in-home telemedicine education and monitoring program for those with systolic dysfunction on the utilization of health care resources. We also measured the effects of the unit 4.5 months after its removal (a total of 6 months post introduction of the unit into the home). Concurrently, we assessed participants' perceptions of the value of having a telemedicine unit. Participants in the telemedicine group reported weighing more times a week with less variability than did the control group.  Telemedicine led to a reduction in physician and emergency department visits and those in the experimental group reported the unit facilitating self-care, though this was not significantly different from the control group (possibly due to small sample size). These findings suggest a possibility for improvement in control of CHF when telemedicine is implemented. Our review of the literature also supports the role of telemedicine in facilitating home health care and self-management for CHF patients. There are many challenges still to be addressed before this potential can be reached and further research is needed to identify opportunities in telemedicine.

Pennie S. Seibert

Tiffany A. Whitmore

Carin Patterson

Patrick D. Parker

Caitlin Otto

Jean Basom

Nichole Whitener

Christian G. Zimmerman

Telemedicine Facilitates CHF Home Health Care for Those with Systolic Dysfunction

About this journal

<p><em>International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications</em> focuses on the applications of medical practice and care at a distance and their supporting technologies such as, computing, communications, and networking technologies.</p>


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<p><em>International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications</em> maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.</p>


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International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications - Table of contents 2008

International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications | Hindawi

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International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications focuses on the applications of medical practice and care at a distance and their supporting technologies such as, computing, communications, and networking technologies.

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International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications

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