Fecal and Salivary Cortisol Concentrations in Woolly (Lagothrix ssp.) and Spider Monkeys (Ateles spp.)

Table 1

Monkey management and housing information from the zoological institutions housing spider and woolly monkeys.

Zoonumber	N	Monkey type	Species housed	Average space (m^3)^∗	Percentage captive born	Gender ratio male : female	Young age group	Adult age group	Geriatric age group	Lab used
Study 1
1	16	Spider	2	45	34	5:11	2	8	6	1
2	6	Spider	1	34	100	2:4	3	2	1	1
3	10	Spider	1	56	100	2:8	0	6	4	1
4	5	Spider	1	26	100	2:3	1	3	1	1
5	8	Spider	1	39	100	6:2	5	3	0	1
Study 2
6	9	Spider	1	35	70	2:7	2	2	5	2
7	10	Spider	3	150	70^†	6:4	1	6	3	2
Study 3
6	7	Woolly	NA	60	71	2:5	3	4	0	2
7	10	Woolly	NA	250	100	8:2	3	2	5	2
8	10	Woolly	NA	125	100	7:3	1	9	0	2

^∗Average space per individual monkey.^†Zoo 7 had 7 spider monkeys born in captivity, 1 born wild, and 2 with unknown birth locations.