Different microscopical methods applied to structures of the mandible of Dikerogammarus haemobaphes. (a)–(h) Tip of the mandibular palp ((a)–(f) and (h) depict the same specimen). Red-cyan glasses needed to experience the stereo effect in (d)–(f) and (h). (a) A single focal plane of a bright field frame. Note the limited depth of field and the resulting blurring. (b) Fused image based on a stack of 20 frames of different focal planes, including also the frame from (a). (c) Fused image of a stack of 27 dark field frames. (d) Red-cyan stereo anaglyph of a surface model based on stack used for image (b). (e). (b) rendered onto (d). (f) Red-cyan stereo anaglyph based on the stack used for (c), following the procedure of Haug et al. [15]. (g) SEM micrograph of a comparable specimen. (h) Same specimen as in (a)–(f). Red-cyan stereo anaglyph based on an autofluorescence image from an inverted microscope with a spinning disc. The spinning disc suppresses scattered light. Due to the inversion, the other side of the palp is visible (note that the setae seem to come out of the image instead of reaching into it). Image flipped horizontally to enhance comparability. (i) Sagittal cut of the left part of the cephalothorax with left mandible, alizarin staining. Arrows point to the pivots of the joint. (j) Autofluorescence micrograph of a right mandible in median view. Arrow points to new pars incisiva underneath the current cuticle. Abbreviations: set: setae, pi: pars incisiva, pm: pars molaris.
