Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study of Practices among Paediatricians in Private Sector, Mumbai

Table 7

Regimens prescribed in case of nonresponse to treatment by paediatricians in Mumbai.

Regimen prescribed	Number	Percent
Another regimen prescribed before investigating for multidrug-resistance ()
Repeat first regimen (HRZE) again	1	4.3
Addition of single drug
2HRZES + 1HRE + 5HRE	6	26.1
E [HRZ]^±	1	4.3
Clr [HRZ]^±	1	4.3
Addition of two new drugs
HR + Eto + Cf	2	8.7
S + Of + [HRZE]^±	2	8.7
Cf/Clr + S + [HRZE]^±	1	4.3
HRES + Amk	1	4.3
HRZE + Clr + Lzd	1	4.3
Addition of three new drugs
Cs + Eto + Of	1	4.3
PAS + Of + E	1	4.3
Km + Eto + Lf	1	4.3
Addition of at least four new drugs
HR + PAS + Eto + Clr + Mfx + Km	4	17.4
Regimens prescribed for MDR-TB ()
At least four new drugs (i.e., not part of first regimen) including injectable and fluoroquinolone drugs^#	5	41.7
As per results of drug sensitivity test (number and names of drugs not specified)	4	33.3
Addition of four new drugs but no injectable	1	8.3
Addition of only two new drugs	2	16.7

 ^±The paediatricians mentioned introducing new drug/s in this case but it was not clarified whether it was addition to or substitution of previous regimen (previous regimen in brackets), ^#regimen as per ISTC standard, lack of information regarding number and names of drugs making it difficult to categorise into recommended or not recommended categories.
Amk: amikacin, Cf: ciprofloxacin, Clr: clarithromycin, Cs: cycloserine, E: ethambutol, Eto: ethionamide, H: isoniazid (INH), Km: kanamycin, Lzd: linezolid, Lf: levofloxacin, Mfx: moxifloxacin, Of: ofloxacin, Z: pyrazinamide, PAS: para-aminosalicylic acid, R: rifampicin, and S: streptomycin.