Research Article

Estimation Strategies for the Condition Monitoring of a Battery System in a Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Figure 12

Particle filter simulation results (including errors).
120351.fig.0012a
(a) Estimation error over time
120351.fig.0012b
(b) Capacitor voltages
120351.fig.0012c
(c) 𝐶 𝑏 simulation values
120351.fig.0012d
(d) 𝐶 𝑐 simulation values