Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer: Technical Considerations and Review of the Literature

Table 2

Published robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy series for high risk disease.

Series	Patients	Risk group	Nodes + (%)	Seminal vesicle invasion (%)	Positive margin (%)	Biochemical recurrence (%)/median followup	Adjuvant therapy (%)
Lavery et al. 2010 [5]	123	D’Amico high risk*	2.4	32	31	26	26
Ham et al. [6]	121	≥cT3a locally advanced	24	—	48.8	—	—
Shikanov et al. [7]	70	Biopsy Gleason 8–10	12.9	14	24.2	13/9.6 mo.	13
Casey et al. [25]	35	Final ≥pT3, with 29% D’Amico high risk*	19	37	20	28.6/13 mo.	37
Jayram et al. [26]	148	D’Amico high risk*	12.3		20.5	21.3/24 mo.	23.3
Yee et al. [27]	62	D’Amico high risk*	—	—	22.6	—
Badani et al. [28]	177	D’Amico high risk*	—	—	35†	47.2/22 mo.^‡

*D’Amico’s criteria for high-risk prostate cancer were utilized: prostate-specific antigen ≥20 ng/mL, clinical stage ≥T2c, or preoperative Gleason grade ≥8.
^†Assessed in patients with pathologic T3 disease.
^‡Assessed in patients with pathologic Gleason grade ≥8.