Prognostic Factors in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Is Patient Delay in Hospital Visit a Predictor of Survival?

Table 2

Prognostic factors of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas influencing overall survival: results of univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.

Prognostic factor	Univariate model			Multivariate model 1^(1)			Multivariate model 2^(1)
	HR	95% CI	𝑃	HR	95% CI	𝑃	HR	95% CI	𝑃
Age	1.02	0.96–1.08	0.57	1.02	0.94–1.1	0.58	1.04	0.97–1.12	0.27
Patient delay in hospital visit	0.97	0.79–1.19	0.78
Sun exposure (positive = 1)	1.83	0.37–9.10	0.46
Tumour size	1.02	1.01–1.04	0.01				1.02	1.004–1.04	0.01
Lymph node metastasis (positive = 1)	3.03	0.61–15.1	0.18
TNM Stage^(2)	4.02	1.60–10.1	0.04	5.02	1.79–14.1	0.00
Radiation related (true = 1)	4.90	0.63–40.2	0.14
Rapid growth (positive = 1)	7.60	1.49–39.1	0.02				8.25	1.29–52.7	0.03
Perineural invasion (positive = 1)	4.50	0.55–36.4	0.16
Lymphovascular invasion (positive = 1)	8.15	0.942–70.6	0.06
Degree of differentiation	2.99	1.27–7.64	0.02	3.20	0.94–10.9	0.06

Note: The total number of cases was 117; of those, 88 were considered in the analysis, as 18 cases had missing values, and 11 cases were censored before the earliest event occurred. There were 8 deaths recorded as caused by squamous cell carcinoma.
⁽¹⁾Variables that were significant in univariate analysis were entered into the model, followed by a backward elimination procedure with 𝑃>0.1 for variable removal from the model. In model 3, tumour size was used instead of TNM stage. The results were adjusted for age. CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio.
⁽²⁾Stage was described using UICC (7th edition, 2009).