Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Group Intervention Approach for Nurses Exposed to Violent Speech or Violence Caused by Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 2
Changes in the IES-R scores from immediately after completion of the intervention to 3 month after completion of the intervention.
Time
Effects
Score change(a)
Score change(b)
Interaction
Main effect
(Immediately after intervention)
(1 month after intervention)
Group × time
Group
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Freedom
F
(c)
P
Freedom
F
(c)
P
Intrusion
Intervention group
−1.47 (2.46)
−1.70 (2.07)
2
2.90
.058
1
4.28
.040
Control group
−0.53 (1.97)
−0.38 (2.81)
Avoidance
Intervention group
−2.10 (2.71)
−2.03 (2.70)
1.58(d)
6.30
.005
1
7.96
.006
Control group
−0.22 (1.67)
−0.66 (2.40)
Hyperactivity
Intervention group
−1.50 (1.73)
−2.10 (2.04)
2
8.64
<.001
1
11.55
.001
Control group
−0.59 (1.97)
0.63 (2.40)
Total
Intervention group
−5.07 (4.91)
−5.83 (5.21)
2
10.00
<.001
1
15.49
<.001
Control group
−1.34 (3.65)
−0.97 (5.00)
(a)[Score immediately after intervention]−[Baseline score].
(b)[Score 3 months after the completion of the intervention]−[Baseline score].
(c) statistic in repeated measures analysis of variance.
(d)Greenhouse-Geisser correction.
