Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Group Intervention Approach for Nurses Exposed to Violent Speech or Violence Caused by Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
Changes in the POMS scores from immediately after completion of the intervention to 3 month after completion of the intervention.
Time
Effects
Score change(a)
Score change(b)
Interaction
Main effect
(Immediately after intervention)
(1 month after intervention)
Group × time
Group
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Freedom
F
(c)
P
Freedom
F
(c)
P
Tension-anxiety
Intervention group
−1.87 (4.95)
−2.97 (4.16)
2
30.01
<.001
1
53.55
<.001
Control group
5.47 (5.23)
6.62 (6.10)
Depression
Intervention group
−0.07 (8.17)
−0.73 (8.19)
2
2.36
.098
1
4.64
.035
Control group
3.88 (5.23)
3.59 (9.36)
Anger
Intervention group
−2.43 (8.80)
−2.10 (9.92)
1.35(d)
0.85
.845
1
0.02
.881
Control group
−2.40 (11.01)
−2.93 (10.27)
Vigor
2
1.50
.227
1
2.49
.120
Intervention group
−0.17 (3.94)
−1.37 (6.66)
Control group
1.09 (8.05)
0.50 (5.98)
Fatigue
2
0.86
.426
1
1.14
.288
Intervention group
−0.60 (4.43)
−1.77 (6.21)
Control group
−2.53 (6.90)
−2.75 (6.05)
Confusion
2
0.62
.537
1
1.14
.289
Intervention group
−0.47 (3.44)
−1.07 (4.33)
Control group
−1.40 (5.42)
−2.34 (5.17)
Total
1.76(d)
0.75
.452
1
0.26
.608
Intervention group
−2.57 (21.00)
−3.70 (30.45)
Control group
−2.71 (32.20)
3.31 (27.60)
(a)[Score immediately after intervention]−[Baseline score].
(b)[Score 3 months after the completion of the intervention]−[Baseline score].
(c) statistic in repeated measures analysis of variance.
(d)Greenhouse-Geisser correction.
