Determination of Alterations in Forest Condition Using Various Measures of Land Use Change along an Urban-Rural Gradient in the West Georgia Piedmont, USA
Table 3
Standard ANOVA values and means (±SE) for forest condition variables collected in “West Georgia” 1.
Standard ANOVA
Tukey-Kramer HSD Comparisons
Variable
Mean square
Prob > F
Urban ()
Developing ()
Rural ()
% Insect incidence for all trees
4.70
0.48
% Disease incidence for all trees
14.51
0.59
% Mechanical damage incidence for all trees
279.90
0.09
(a)
(a, b)
(b)
% Insect + disease + mech damage for all trees
452.34
0.04
(a)
(a, b)
(b)
% Trees with lichens
1320.08
0.22
(a)
(a, b)
(b)
Mean number of lichen species per tree
6.23
0.14
(a)
(b)
(b)
Mean lichen abundance rank for all hardwoods
1.44
0.13
(a)
(b)
(b)
Mean number of crustose species on water oaks
0.90
0.68
Mean number of foliose species on water oaks
1.19
0.24
(a, b)
(a)
(b)
Crustose : foliose ratio (on water oaks)
131.15
0.10
Mean lichen abundance rank for water oaks
91.97
0.57
Mean dominance of crustose over foliose
0.16
0.21
1SE = standard error of the mean; = number of study sites sampled; Mean values in a row with different letters are significantly different () based on Tukey-adjusted least squares means.
