Age at Menarche, Menstrual Characteristics, and Risk of Preeclampsia
Table 2
Association (odds ratio (OR), 95% (CI)) between menstrual cycle characteristics and risk of preeclampsia.
Characteristics
Cases
Noncases
Unadjusted
Adjusted Model 1
Adjusted Model 2
OR
95% (CI)
OR
95% (CI)
OR
95% (CI)
Usual menstrual cycle length (days)
25–30
55 (68.8)
2383 (73.8)
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent
<24
4 (5.0)
148 (4.6)
1.17
0.42–3.27
0.62
0.30–1.29
0.72
0.34–1.49
31–35
12 (15.0)
449 (13.9)
1.16
0.61–2.18
0.78
0.23–2.59
0.88
0.26–3.00
≥36
9 (11.3)
250 (7.7)
1.56
0.76–3.19
0.74
0.31–1.80
0.87
0.36–2.14
Irregular menses
No
67 (83.8)
2766 (85.2)
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent
Yes
13 (16.3)
482 (14.8)
0.89
(0.49–1.63)
0.91
0.49–1.68
1.01
0.54–1.90
Age at menarche (years)
≤11
17 (21.3)
464 (14.3)
1.69
0.88–3.21
1.77
0.92–3.38
1.30
0.67–2.53*
12
23 (28.8)
847 (26.1)
1.25
0.69–2.26
1.29
0.71–2.34
1.15
0.63–2.10*
13
22 (27.5)
1015 (31.3)
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent
1.00
Referent*
14
10 (12.5)
480 (14.8)
0.96
0.45–2.04
0.97
0.45–2.08
1.01
0.47–2.18*
≥15
8 (10.0)
442 (13.6)
0.83
0.36–1.89
0.83
0.36–1.90
0.93
0.41–2.12*
Model 1 is adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, parity, maternal birth weight, and pregestational diabetes. Model 2 includes additional adjustment for maternal prepregnancy body mass index.
*Trend value < 0.05.
