Research Article

Constructed Borrow-Pit Wetlands as Habitat for Aquatic Birds in the Peace Parkland, Canada

Table 5

Results of Monte Carlo test of significance for indicator species analysis for May, June, July, and August based on aquatic bird species presence/absence grouped by landscape type. IV = indicator value, A = agriculture landscape (91 ponds), M + F = mixed + forest landscape (109 ponds). P values in bold indicate statistical significance. Blank spaces indicate species that were present on <5% of ponds in a month and excluded from analyses. See Table 2 for species codes.

ParameterAMCOBWTEHOGRLESCMALLAMWIBUFFCANVCOGOGWTENSHORNDU

MayLandscapeAAAAAM + FM + FM + FM + FM + FM + FM + F
Observed IV10.53.634.718.512.714.140.28.55.719.17.721.7
Random IV ± SD4.9 ±1.44.6 ± 1.2828 ± 2.3310.6 ± 1.9314.1 ± 2.19.8 ± 1.824.5 ± 2.355.5 ± 1.436.4 ± 1.547.8 ± 1.698.4 ± 1.6812.2 ± 1.95
P value<0.01 0.770.02<0.010.730.04<0.010.060.63<0.010.68<0.01

JuneLandscapeAM + FAAAM + FM + FM + FAM + F
Observed IV4.23.529.918.77.78.241.26.44.215.6
Random IV ± SD4 ± 1.24.6 ± 1.2824 ± 2.3412.2 ± 1.974.6 ± 1.286.4 ± 1.5818 ± 2.223.7 ± 1.214 ± 1.197.8 ± 1.64
P value0.5210.020.010.040.13<0.010.040.52<0.01

JulyLandscapeAAAM + FAAM + F
Observed IV9.132.414.1424.54.27.3
Random IV ± SD7.5 ±1.6523.9 ± 2.346.4 ± 1.5222.5 ± 2.294.9 ± 1.364 ± 1.226.1 ± 1.50
P value0.190.01<0.01<0.010.570.520.21

AugustLandscapeAAAAM + FM + FM + FM + F
Observed IV8.126.417.26.140.96.16.517.8
Random IV ± SD7.2 ±1.6318 ± 2.2413.3 ± 2.028.1 ± 1.7319.8 ± 2.266.1 ± 1.477.5 ± 1.6610 ± 1.83
P value0.26<0.010.061<0.010.450.81<0.01