Toxicity Assessment of Expired Pesticides to Green Algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

Table 4

Toxicity level of expired pesticide formulations against unexpired in percentage (%).

	Toxicity level (%)
Insecticides
Dichlorvos 76% EC	—
Endosulfan 35% EC	—
Quinalphos 25% EC	—
Pyrethroids
Alphacypermethrin 10% SC	32.14
Fenvalerate 20% EC	67.80
Lambda-cyhalothrin 5% EC	16.00
Herbicides
Fenaxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC	31.75
Pretilachlor 50% EC	14.95
2,4-D sodium salt 80% WP	36.98
Fungicides
Tebuconazole 25% EC	Nearly two fold higher than unexpired
Mancozeb 75% WP	Nearly two fold higher than unexpired
Hexaconazole 5% EC	Nearly two fold higher than unexpired
Combinational fungicides
Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP	—
Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP	—
Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP	—