What Really Causes Necrotising Enterocolitis?

Table 1

From Roberton’s Textbook of Neonatology. Risk factors for necrotising enterocolitis.

---

Prematurity

Intrauterine growth restriction

Placental abruption

Premature rupture of membranes

Perinatal asphyxia

Low Apgar score

Umbilical catheterisation

Hypoxia and shock

Patent ductus arteriosus

Hypertonic feeds

Nonhuman milk formula

Rapid introduction of enteral feeds

Fluid overload

Pathogenic bacteria

Polycythaemia

Thrombocytosis

Anaemia

Exchange transfusion

Cyanotic congenital heart disease

---