Use of Response Surface Methodology in the Formulation and Optimization of Bisoprolol Fumarate Matrix Tablets for Sustained Drug Release

Table 2

2³ factorial designs and their observed response values with drug contents in bisoprolol fumarate matrix tablets.

Formulation codes	Calcium alginate (mg); 𝐴	HPMC K4M (mg); 𝐵	Carbopol 943 (mg); 𝐶	Responses
				𝑅 6h (%)^a,b	Hardness (kg/cm^2)^b
F-1	15 (−1)	0 (−1)	0 (−1)	74.62 ± 2.36	3.19 ± 0.25
F-2	30 (+1)	20 (+1)	20 (+1)	46.15 ± 2.12	4.18 ± 0.15
F-3	30 (+1)	0 (−1)	0 (−1)	65.07 ± 3.54	3.52 ± 0.20
F-4	30 (+1)	20 (+1)	0 (−1)	51.32 ± 3.25	3.84 ± 0.15
F-5	15 (−1)	20 (+1)	20 (+1)	50.39 ± 2.16	4.10 ± 0.10
F-6	15 (−1)	0 (−1)	20 (+1)	62.33 ± 1.92	3.90 ± 0.30
F-7	30 (+1)	0 (−1)	20 (+1)	55.85 ± 2.22	3.93 ± 0.10
F-8	15 (−1)	20 (+1)	0 (−1)	59.17 ± 1.82	3.41 ± 0.25

^a𝑅 _6h (%): cumulative drug release after 6 hours; ^bmean ± S.D., 𝑛 = 6; 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 represent the main effects (factors); (+1): higher value and (−1): lower value.