Review Article
Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: Prevention and Management
Table 4
Studies evaluating extended duration of VTE prophylaxis with LMWH in cancer patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
| | Trial | Method | Patients () | Study population | Regimen | | Incidences | | Study | Control | Followup | VTE | Major bleeding | | Study (%) | Control (%) | value | Study (%) | Control (%) | value |
| | Bergqvist et al. (ENOXACAN II) [178] | RCT, Double-blinded, venography | 332 | Patients undergoing elective surgery for abdominal or pelvic cancer | Enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. × 6–10 days, then enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. × 19–21 days | Enoxaparin 40 mg od × 6–10 days, then placebo × 19–21 days | At 31 days | 4.8 | 12 | 0.02 | 0.8 | 0.4 | >0.99 | | | 3 months | 5.5 | 13.8 | 0.01 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.62 |
| | Rasmussen et al. (FAME) [179] | RCT, assessor-blinded,venography | 198 | Major abdominal surgery for cancer | Dalteparin 5000 IU q.d. × 1 week then dalteparin 5000 IU q.d. × 4 weeks | Dalteparin 5000 IU q.d. × 1 week then placebo × 4 weeks | 4 weeks | 8.8 | 19.6 | 0.03 | NR | NR | NR |
| | Kakkar et al. (CANBESURE) [180] | randomized, double-blind study, bilateral venography | 1113 | Major abdominal or pelvic surgery for cancer | Bemiparin 3500 IU sc q.d. × 8 daysthen bemiparin 3500 IU sc q.d. × 20 days | Bemiparin 3500 IU sc q.d. × 8 days then placebo × 20 days | 20 days | 10.1 | 13.3 | 0.26 | 0.6 | 0.3 | |
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VTE: venous thromboembolism, RCT: randomized controlled trial, sc: subcutaneous.
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