Project SUCCESS: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
University campus-based smoking cessation intervention at 12-month assessment.
Baseline
12-month assessment
Study group
Total*
SC1
EI2
Total
SC
EI
Variable
n
%
n
%
n
%
P value3
n
%
n
%
n
%
P value3
236
44.0
78
33.0
158
66.0
236
78
158
Demographics
Age (mean, SD)
24.5 (.3)
24.9 (.5)
24.3 (.3)
.3
24.5 (.3)
24.9 (.5)
24.3 (.3)
.3
Gender
.5
.45
Female
125
53.0
44
56.4
81
51.3
125
53.0
44
56.4
81
51.3
Male
111
47.0
34
43.6
77
48.7
111
47.0
34
43.6
77
48.7
Ethnicity
.9
.9
Spanish/Hispanic
22
9.4
7
9.0
15
9.5
22
9.4
7
8.9
15
9.5
Not Spanish/Hispanic
213
90.6
71
91.0
142
90.4
213
90.6
71
91.1
142
90.4
Racial background
.4
.4
Asian
44
18.7
19
24.4
25
15.9
44
18.7
19
24.4
25
15.9
Black
14
6.0
3
3.8
11
7.0
14
6.0
3
3.8
11
7.0
White
172
73.2
54
69.2
118
75.2
172
73.2
54
69.2
118
75.2
Other
5
2.1
2
2.6
3
1.9
5
2.2
2
1.7
3
1.9
Alcohol consumption
.6
.9
Heavily and or frequently
41
17.4
11
14.1
30
19.0
27
11.4
9
11.5
18
11.4
Moderately or rarely
166
70.3
57
73.1
109
69.0
160
67.8
54
69.2
106
67.1
None
23
9.7
7
9.0
16
10.1
47
19.9
15
19.2
32
20.2
Rather not answer
6
2.5
3
3.8
3
1.9
2
.8
0
0
2
1.3
Depressive symptoms (CES-D)
.6
Low
119
50.4
41
52.6
78
49.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
High
117
49.6
37
47.4
80
50.6
Smoking-related characteristics
Stage of change for cessation
1.0
Preparation
127
53.8
42
53.8
85
53.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Contemplation
94
39.8
31
39.7
63
39.9
Precontemplation
15
6.4
5
6.4
10
6.3
Nicotine dependence
.5
.13
Very low
97
41.1
30
39.0
67
42.7
180
76.3
52
67.0
128
81.0
Low
67
28.6
19
24.7
48
30.6
35
14.8
16
21.5
19
12.0
Medium
19
8.1
8
10.4
11
7.0
12
5.1
6
7.6
6
3.8
High
34
14.5
12
15.6
22
14.0
7
3.0
3
3.8
4
2.5
Very high
17
7.3
8
10.4
9
5.7
2
.8
1
1
1
.6
Cigarettes per day
.3
.05
1–5
53
22.5
17
21.8
36
22.8
53
33.8
12
22.2
41
39.8
6–10
73
30.9
18
23.1
55
34.8
46
23.3
21
38.9
25
24.3
11–15
44
18.6
18
23.1
26
16.5
25
15.9
12
22.2
13
12.6
16–20
48
20.3
18
23.1
30
19.0
28
17.8
7
13.0
21
20.4
21–30
15
6.4
5
6.4
10
6.3
5
3.2
2
3.7
3
2.9
31+
3
1.3
2
2.6
1
.6
0
0
0
0
3
0
History of cigarette smoking
.6
.4
Less than 6 mo
8
3.4
1
1.3
7
4.4
9
5.7
2
3.7
7
6.8
6−12 mo
20
8.5
6
7.7
14
8.9
6
3.8
4
7.4
2
1.9
1–5 years
74
31.4
23
29.5
51
32.3
55
35.3
18
33.3
37
35.9
5 years or greater
134
56.8
48
61.5
86
54.4
87
55.4
30
55.6
57
55.3
*“Total” pertains to the total sample. 1SC: standard care. 2EI: enhanced intervention. 3P value reflects significance of comparisons between conditions (SC versus EI). No final assessment data were gathered for depressive symptoms (CES-D) and stages of change for cessation (dashes indicate no data). Percentages for each variable may not add up to 100 because of missing data.
