Prevalence of HIV-Associated Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients Taking First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda

Table 4

Risk factors for borderline dyslipidemia.

Characteristics	Odds ratio	95% CI	𝑃 value	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	𝑃 value
Male gender	0.92	0.56–1.50	0.734
Stavudine-based ART regimen	4.18	2.37–7.37	<0.001	4.79	2.45–9.38	<0.001
Age	1.03	0.89–1.19	0.696
ART duration	1.24	0.95–1.63	0.113
Initial CD4 counts per 50 cells/μL increase	0.99	0.86–1.15	0.932
ART start body weight	1.02	0.90–1.05	0.115
Peak body weight >65 kgs	1.35	1.03–1.75	0.027	1.44	1.05–1.97	0.023
Enrolment BMI <24	1.26	0.77–2.27	0.423
Systolic blood pressure >150 mm/Hg	1.00	0.99–1.02	0.443	0.99	0.97–1.06	0.153
Enrolment CD4 count >200 cells/μL	0.90	0.49–1.64	0.734
Abnormal waist to hip ratio^+	1.23	0.73–2.07	0.446	1.14	0.63–2.05	0.673
Family history of hypertension	1.75	1.02–2.98	0.04	1.44	0.79–2.64	0.235
Family history of diabetes mellitus	2.29	1.05–4.97	0.037
Lipodystrophy	2.77	1.28–5.99	0.01	1.60	0.61–4.21	0.338
WHO stage III and IV	1.21	0.71–2.08	0.487

CI: confidence interval; ART: antiretroviral treatment; BMI: body mass index; WHO: World Health Organization.
⁺WHR defined abnormal if >0.94 for males and >0.8 for females.