Review Article

The Food Additive Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate (E-476): Structure, Applications, and Production Methods

Figure 10

Possible reactions of ricinoleic acid during condensation. (a) Linear esterification, (b) cyclic esterification, and (c) dehydration (adapted from [40]).
124767.fig.0010a
(a)
124767.fig.0010b
(b)
124767.fig.0010c
(c)