Characteristics of Multidrug Resistant Shigella and Vibrio cholerae O1 Infections in Patients Treated at an Urban and a Rural Hospital in Bangladesh

Table 3

Sociodemographic and clinical factors among patients with shigellosis, by drug resistance status, Dhaka, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), 2000–2012.

Indicators	Multidrug resistant 𝑛=371 (%)	Susceptible 𝑛=159 (%)	OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Male sex	225 (61)	111 (70)	6.72 (3.25, 14.23)*	1.58 (1.02, 2.43)*
Monthly family income ≥100 USD	345 (93)	147 (93)	1.08 (0.50, 2.31)	—
Slum residence	33 (9)	19 (12)	0.72 (0.38, 1.37)	—
Nonsanitary latrine	133 (36)	61 (38)	0.90 (0.60, 1.34)	—
Not treated water	249 (67)	103 (65)	1.11 (0.74, 1.67)	—
Vomiting	243 (66)	120 (76)	0.62 (0.40, 0.96)*	0.84 (0.52, 1.35)
Abdominal pain	206 (56)	76 (48)	1.36 (0.92, 2.01)	—
Fever (≥38°C)	40 (11)	7 (4)	2.62 (1.10, 6.57)*	2.18 (0.93, 5.12)
Bloody or mucoid stool	165 (45)	63 (40)	1.22 (0.82, 1.81)	—
Frequency of stool (>10/day)	189 (51)	75 (47)	1.16 (0.79, 1.72)	—
Duration of diarrhea (>24 hours)	262 (71)	87 (55)	1.99 (1.33, 2.97)*	1.73 (1.11, 2.69)*
Duration of stay in hospital >24 hrs	134 (37)	54 (35)	1.09 (0.72, 1.64)	—
Some or severe dehydration	211 (57)	84 (53)	1.18 (0.80, 1.74)	—
Use of intravenous saline for rehydration	77 (21)	27 (17)	1.28 (0.77, 2.14)	—
Use of antimicrobials at home	251 (68)	91 (57)	1.56 (1.05, 2.33)*	1.20 (0.78, 1.86)
Red blood cell (1 to >50)	241 (69)	76 (52)	2.07 (1.37, 3.13)*	0.77 (0.33, 1.83)
Faecal leukocyte (11 to >50)	272 (78)	88 (60)	2.34 (1.51, 3.62)*	1.62 (0.81, 3.24)
Macrophage (1 to 10)	219 (63)	62 (42)	2.29 (1.52, 3.46)*	0.92, 4.08)

^∗𝑃<0.05.
aOR: adjusted odds ratio.