|
Color | Medications | Dyes | Poisoning | Pigments | Infections | Food |
|
Blue-green | Amitripyiline Azuresin Bromoform Chlorophyll containing breath mints Cimetidine Clioquinol Flupirtine [15] Flutamide [16] Guaiacol [17] Indomethacin Iodochlorhydroxyquin Magnesium salicylate Methocarbamol Mitoxantone Phenylbutazone Phenyl salicylate Promethazine iv Propofol Resorcinol Tetrahydronaphthalene Thymol Tolonium Triamterene Zaleplon [18] | Diagnex blue Evan blue Indigo blue Methylene blue Toluidine blue | Carbamate Imazosulfuron Mefenacet Phenol | Biliverdin Hartnup disease Familial indicanuria [4] Meconium aspiration
| Pseudomonas | Asparagus food colorings Jering |
|
Yellow | Vitamins | | | Diabetes Hypothyroidism Bilirubin Urobilinogen | Serratia marcescens | Carrots |
|
Orange | Phenazopyridine [19] Phenolphthalein Rifampicin Vitamin B Vitamin C Warfarin | | | Uricosuria [13] | Citrobacter sedlakii [20]
| Beet Carrots |
|
Pink | Propofol [21] | Phenolphthalein | | Uric acid Haemoglobin Porphyria Myoglobin | | Beets Blackberry Rhubarb Red clover Beefsteak juice |
|
Red | Azosulfamide Azuresin Anthraquinone Chlorpromazine Chloroquine [22] Deferoxamine Hydroxocobalamin [23] Ibuprofen Iron sorbitol Metronidazole Nitrofurantoin Phenazopyridine Phenyl salicylate Phenytoin Phenolphthalein Phenothiazines Rifampicin | Evans blue Indigo blue Indigo carmine | Phenol Boric acid Carbolic acid | Hematuria Hemoglobinuria Homogentisic acid Methemoglobin Myoglobinuria Nutcracker syndrome [24] Porphyrin tyrosinosis urates | Citrobacter sedlakii [11] Serratia marcescens [4] | Beets Blackberries Food coloring (Aniline congo red rhodamine B) Rhubarb Senna |
|
Brown | Acetaminophen [25] Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Furazolidone Levodopa Methocarbamol Methyldopa Metronidazole Nitrofurantoin Niridazole Primaquine | | | Hematuria Hemoglobinuria Myoglobinuria | | Senna |
|
Black | Chloroquine Furazolidone Levodopa [26] Metronidazole Primaquine | | Endosulfan Phenylenediamine Cresol [27] | Alkaptonuria Hemoglobinuria Malignant melanoma (exfoliation of melanoma cells) Melanuria Melanogenuria [28] Myoglobinuria Porphyrin [29] Rhabdomyolysis Tyrosinuria | Proteus mirabilis | Fava beans Rhubarb |
|
White | Propofol | | | Chyluria Phosphaturia Proteinuria | Pyuria | |
|
Purple | | | | | E. coli Klebsiella Morganella [30] Citrobacter spp. Proteus mirabilis Providencia rettgeri Providencia stuartii Alcaligenes spp. [31] | |
|