Parent and Peer Influence on Recreational Use of Pain Medication: Are Their Influences Similar to That of Marijuana Use?

Table 2

Descriptive statistics for OTC pain medication misuse and prescription pain medication misuse.

	OTC		(1) Parent	(2) Peer	(3) RP	(4) Life use	(5) Gender	(6) Marijuana	Prescription
	M	SD							M	SD
(1) Parent disapproval	2.43	1.21		.359*	.335*	−.084	.010	.034	4.38	0.89
(2) Peer disapproval	3.19	1.33	.346*		.491*	−.353*	.113*	−.214*	3.93	1.09
(3) Risk perception	3.61	2.00	.249*	.540*		−.266*	.224*	−.143*	5.30	1.71
(4) Lifetime use	1.22	0.70	−.095*	−.236*	−.217*		−.111*	.318*	1.16	0.54
(5) Gender	0.61	0.49	−.049	.011	.142*	−.121*		−.054	0.61	0.49
(6) Marijuana use^†	0.29	0.45	−.102*	−.174*	−.098*	.140*	−.054		0.29	0.45

Correlations for OTC pain medication misuse variables are below the main diagonal. Correlations for prescription pain medication misuse variables are above the main diagonal. The asterisks indicate significant correlations.
OTC: over the counter; RP: risk perception.
^∗𝑃<.05.
^†Marijuana use was dichotomized into zero use versus nonzero use because it was used as a grouping variable for multiple group analyses.
Grouping variable: a zero represented no misuse of either type, and respondents reporting any use of either type were scored as nonzero.