Supplementation with High Doses of Vitamin D to Subjects without Vitamin D Deficiency May Have Negative Effects: Pooled Data from Four Intervention Trials in Tromsø
Table 1
Baseline characteristics in all subjects, the four separate studies, and according to intervention.
All subjects
Obesity study
Insulin sensitivity study
Bone density study
Depression study
Intervention, pooled data
Vitamin D
Placebo
928
333
94
273
228
523
405
Men (%)
29.9
38.4
52.1
0
43.9
32.1
27.2
Age (years)
54.2 (11.3)
49.2 (11.2)
52.1 (9.2)
63.1 (7.2)
51.8 (10.2)
53.1 (11.6)*
55.7 (10.8)
Using lipid medication (%)
7.3
3.9
5.3
11.4
8.8
5.9
9.4
BMI (kg/m2)
29.2 (5.6)
34.6 (3.9)
26.8 (3.0)
24.7 (3.3)
27.7 (4.1)
29.7 (5.5)*
28.6 (5.6)
Serum 25(OH)D (nmol/L)
55.9 (20.9)
54.1 (16.8)
40.8 (13.1)
71.0 (22.6)
47.5 (15.6)
55.9 (20.6)
56.4 (21.3)
Serum calcium (mmol/L)
2.32 (0.09)
2.31 (0.10)
2.31 (0.09)
2.36 (0.08)
2.28 (0.08)
2.32 (0.10)
2.32 (0.09)
Serum PTH (pmol/L)
5.17 (1.72)
5.41 (1.71)
5.20 (1.52)
5.05 (1.65)
4.98 (1.87)
5.16 (1.65)
5.20 (1.82)
Serum TC (mmol/L)
5.56 (1.00)
5.41 (1.00)
5.57 (1.07)
5.65 (0.92)
5.64 (1.05)
5.56 (1.01)
5.55 (0.99)
Serum TG (mmol/L)
1.40 (0.84)
1.57 (0.93)
1.25 (0.85)
1.11 (0.51)
1.59 (0.91)
1.43 (0.89)
1.37 (0.79)
Serum HDL-C (mmol/L)
1.57 (0.48)
1.40 (0.37)
1.50 (0.40)
1.88 (0.48)
1.47 (0.46)
1.55 (0.46)
1.59 (0.50)
Serum LDL-C (mmol/L)
3.66 (0.94)
3.86 (0.95)
3.51 (0.99)
3.53 (0.85)
3.57 (0.95)
3.69 (0.94)
3.61 (0.94)
Serum Apo A1 (g/L)
1.56 (0.29)
1.43 (0.25)
1.52 (0.28)
1.75 (0.26)
1.55 (0.29)
1.55 (0.29)
1.57 (0.29)
Serum Apo B (g/L)
0.98 (0.24)
1.03 (0.23)
0.95 (0.26)
0.96 (0.22)
0.97 (0.25)
0.99 (0.24)
0.98 (0.24)
HbA1c (%)
5.65 (0.35)
5.65 (0.36)
5.56 (0.36)
5.71 (0.34)
5.64 (0.36)
5.65 (0.36)
5.67 (0.35)
Serum HS-CRP (mg/L)
1.45 (0.77, 3.22)
2.47 (1.34, 4.51)
1.10 (0.59, 2.55)
1.02 (0.50, 2.01)
1.28 (0.77, 2.96)
1.51 (0.77, 3.35)
1.42 (0.78, 3.16)
Data are shown as mean (SD) or median (25, 75 percentile). BMI: body mass index; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; PTH: parathyroid hormone; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: HDL cholesterol; LDL-C: LDL cholesterol; Apo A1: apolipoprotein A1; Apo B: apolipoprotein B; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HS-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein. versus placebo group; Student’s t-test.
