The BB Wistar Rat as a Diabetic Model for Fracture Healing

Table 2

Comparison table of histomorphometrical analysis of bone area using a BB Wistar rat femur fracture model treated with the application of different adjuvants.

Study	Treatment	Time point	𝑛	Endosteal bone (mm^2)	Periosteal bone (mm^2)	Defect bone (mm^2)	Total bone (mm^2)
Azad et al., 2009 [40]	DM+, rhBMP2	3 weeks	(𝑛=6)	1.35±0.48	2.50±0.88	4.05±0.33	7.89 ± 1.00^a
		6 weeks	(𝑛=6)	0.69±0/30	2.64±1.08	3.83±1.73	7.16 ± 2.44^b
	Control group	3 weeks	(𝑛=6)	0.37±0.23	0.73±0.86	0.46±0.46	0.84±0.39
	DM+, (buffer)	6 weeks	(𝑛=6)	0.67±0.29	1.18±1.01	1.16±1.37	3.01±2.06
Breitbart et al., 2010 [49]	DM+, MSC	4 weeks	(𝑛=5)	1.00±0.39^c	0.59±0.54	1.97 ± 0.74^d	3.57 ± 0.80^e
		8 weeks	(𝑛=7)	1.03±0.77	0.46±0.44	3.46±1.28	4.95±1.98
	Control group	4 weeks	(𝑛=7)	0.46±0.26	0.25±0.37	0.37±0.33	1.07±0.69
	DM+, DBM	8 weeks	(𝑛=5)	1.04±0.58	0.32±0.26	1.98±0.49	3.34±0.68
Dedania et al., 2011 [50]	DM+, insulin	4 weeks	(𝑛=7)	1.06±0.27^f	0.29±0.20	0.31±0.19	1.66±0.13
		6 weeks	(𝑛=7)	2.36±1.66^g	1.24±0.90	1.85 ± 1.03^h	5.45 ± 3.04^i
	Control group	4 weeks	(𝑛=6)	0.61±0.17	0.25±0.18	0.31±0.46	1.17±0.65
	DM+, palmitic acid blank	6 weeks	(𝑛=8)	0.54±0.42	0.86±0.55	0.84±0.68	2.24±1.27

DM: diabetes mellitus, MSC: mesenchymal stem cells, DBM: demineralized bone matrix.
^aRepresents values statistically higher than DM/buffer at 3 weeks, 𝑃<0.001.
^bRepresents values statistically higher than DM/buffer at 6 weeks, 𝑃=0.004.
^cRepresents values statistically higher than DM/DBM at 4 weeks, 𝑃=0.006.
^dRepresents values statistically higher than DM/DBM at 4 weeks, 𝑃<0.001.
^eRepresents values statistically higher than DM/DBM at 4 weeks, 𝑃<0.001.
^fRepresents values statistically higher than DM/palmitic acid at 4 weeks, 𝑃=0.006.
^gRepresents values statistically higher than DM/palmitic acid at 6 weeks, 𝑃=0.010.
^hRepresents values statistically higher than DM/palmitic acid at 6 weeks, 𝑃=0.041.
ⁱRepresents values statistically higher than DM/palmitic acid at 6 weeks, 𝑃=0.017.