Research Article
Spatial Dimensions of Economic Growth in Brazil
Table 4
Summary statistics of the variables in the panel (1970–2000).
| | Variables | | States | Meso-regions | Micro-regions | MCAs* |
| | Average annual income per capita growth rates between 1970 and 1980, 1980 and 1991, and 1991 and 2000 | Mean |
0.0473
|
0.0475
|
0.0473
|
0.0483
| | Minimum | −0.0266 | −0.0756 | −0.0786 | −0.1934 | | Maximum |
0.1088
|
0.1329
|
0.1558
|
0.3709
| | Std. dev. |
0.0422
|
0.0467
|
0.0485
|
0.0541
|
| | ln (income per capita), 1970, 1980 and 1991 | Mean |
4.6197
|
4.4842
|
4.3288
|
4.1966
| | Minimum |
3.2472
|
2.9627
|
2.5869
|
0.2718
| | Maximum |
5.8605
|
5.9564
|
6.0514
|
6.2442
| | Std. dev. |
0.5981
|
0.6674
|
0.6955
|
0.7041
|
| | (), 1970, 1980, and 1991. | Mean |
0.0778
|
0.0701
|
0.0656
|
0.0594
| | Minimum |
0.0581
|
0.0238
| −0.0221 | −0.1197 | | Maximum |
0.1986
|
0.1986
|
0.3220
|
0.3220
| | Std. dev. |
0.0210
|
0.0180
|
0.0197
|
0.0212
|
| | ln (years of schooling), 1970, 1980, and 1991 | Mean |
0.9977
|
0.8516
|
0.7102
|
0.5803
| | Minimum | −0.1039 | −0.7391 | −1.3856 | −46.0517 | | Maximum |
2.0015
|
2.0015
|
2.0015
|
2.1748
| | Std. dev. |
0.4890
|
0.6064
|
0.6533
|
0.8238
|
| | ln (population density), 1970, 1980, and 1991 | Mean |
2.5834
|
2.9085
|
3.0423
|
3.2179
| | Minimum | −1.7278 | −2.2713 | −3.9118 | −3.9118 | | Maximum |
5.6895
|
7.4888
|
8.5627
|
9.4510
| | Std. dev. |
1.7605
|
1.6641
|
1.4901
|
1.2664
|
| | ln (transportation cost to SP), 1970, 1980, and 1991 | Mean |
7.7425
|
7.4226
|
7.3370
|
7.2085
| | Minimum |
5.3315
|
4.6706
|
3.7987
|
2.3026
| | Maximum |
9.2782
|
9.5446
|
9.6053
|
9.6175
| | Std. dev. |
0.8386
|
0.9197
|
0.9345
|
0.8734
|
| | Observations | |
81
|
402
| | |
|
|
Note: own elaboration. *Minimum comparable areas (MCAs).
|
