Spin Polarization Curve of Fractional Quantum Hall States with Filling Factor Smaller than 2

Figure 24

(a) Coupling constants for 𝜈=4/3. Double line indicates a Landau orbital occupied by an electron pair with up- and down-spins. (b) Coupling constants for 𝜈=7/5. Double line indicates a Landau orbital occupied by an electron pair with up- and down-spins. (c) Coupling constants for 𝜈=8/5. Double line indicates a Landau orbital occupied by an electron pair with up- and down-spins.

(a)

(b)

(c)