Complete Mitogenomes of Euploea mulciber (Nymphalidae: Danainae) and Libythea celtis (Nymphalidae: Libytheinae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications

Table 5

Nucleotide composition and skewness in the rhopaloceran mitogenomes.

	Major strand PCGs			Minor strand PCGs			Whole PCGs			Whole genome
Species	A + T	AT skew	GC skew	A + T	AT skew	GC skew	A + T	AT skew	GC skew	A + T	AT skew	GC skew
	%			%			%			%
Papilio xuthus	77.1	−0.114	−0.206	79.8	−0.210	0.334	78.1	−0.152	−0.014	80.0	−0.011	−0.216
Agehana maraho	77.1	−0.114	−0.206	79.8	−0.210	0.334	78.1	−0.152	−0.014	80.6	0.006	−0.262
Teinopalpus aureus	77.2	−0.125	−0.172	80.0	−0.196	0.322	78.3	−0.153	0.002	79.8	−0.005	−0.238
Troides aeacus	77.7	−0.166	−0.168	81.1	−0.150	0.332	79.1	−0.160	0.010	80.2	−0.040	−0.230
Parnassius bremeri	78.9	−0.126	−0.112	82.2	−0.166	0.281	80.2	−0.142	0.024	81.3	−0.011	−0.194
Sericinus montela	78.5	−0.124	−0.146	81.8	−0.172	0.301	79.8	−0.143	0.009	81.0	−0.008	−0.223
Luehdorfia chinensis	78.0	−0.129	−0.134	81.9	−0.179	0.296	79.6	−0.150	0.019	80.5	−0.005	−0.205
Ctenoptilum vasava	77.2	−0.151	−0.145	81.6	−0.174	0.285	78.9	−0.160	0.000	80.5	−0.029	−0.205
Pieris rapae	77.2	−0.095	−0.150	79.8	−0.212	0.358	78.2	−0.141	0.030	79.7	0.014	−0.232
Artogeia melete	77.7	−0.098	−0.152	79.7	−0.213	0.324	78.4	−0.143	0.020	79.8	0.012	−0.222
Coreana raphaelis	80.3	−0.143	−0.074	83.4	−0.115	0.270	81.5	−0.132	0.044	82.7	−0.047	−0.158
Protantigius superans	79.3	−0.137	−0.087	81.9	−0.140	0.276	80.3	−0.138	0.041	81.7	−0.036	−0.174
Spindasis takanonis	80.1	−0.104	−0.117	82.7	−0.193	0.338	81.1	−0.139	0.044	82.4	0.004	−0.214
Apatura ilia	77.9	−0.124	−0.140	80.7	−0.187	0.314	79.0	−0.149	0.021	80.4	−0.011	−0.207
Sasakia charonda	76.9	−0.118	−0.152	80.0	−0.194	0.330	78.1	−0.147	0.023	79.9	−0.006	−0.219
Sasakia  𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎^∗	77.2	−0.121	−0.142	79.7	−0.196	0.324	78.2	−0.151	0.028	79.9	−0.007	−0.218
Kallima inachus	78.1	−0.136	−0.125	81.1	−0.177	0.336	79.2	−0.152	0.036	80.3	−0.013	−0.212
Parathyma sulpitia	79.2	−0.172	−0.100	83.1	−0.154	0.266	80.6	−0.164	0.026	81.9	−0.048	−0.178
Eumenis autonoe	75.4	−0.135	−0.187	79.3	−0.193	0.337	76.8	−0.159	−0.004	79.1	−0.016	−0.244
Calinaga davidis	77.5	−0.164	−0.147	81.1	−0.159	0.270	78.8	−0.162	−0.005	80.4	−0.045	−0.200
Acraea issoria	76.7	−0.142	−0.176	80.1	−0.164	0.307	78.0	−0.146	−0.009	79.7	−0.024	−0.238
Argyreus hyperbius	77.8	−0.136	−0.153	82.0	−0.166	0.322	79.4	−0.149	0.010	80.8	−0.025	−0.219
Libythea celtis	78.8	−𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟒	−𝟎.𝟎𝟗𝟒	𝟖𝟏.𝟖	−𝟎.𝟏𝟕𝟒	𝟎.𝟐𝟗𝟕	𝟕𝟗.𝟗	−𝟎.𝟏𝟒𝟒	𝟎.𝟎𝟒𝟎	𝟖𝟏.𝟐	−𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟕	−𝟎.𝟏𝟖𝟏
Euploea mulciber	79.0	−𝟎.𝟏𝟒𝟐	−𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟒	𝟖𝟐.𝟏	−𝟎.𝟏𝟒𝟎	𝟎.𝟑𝟎𝟕	𝟖𝟎.𝟐	−𝟎.𝟏𝟒𝟎	𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟎	𝟖𝟏.𝟓	−𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟖	−𝟎.𝟐𝟏𝟏

Start codons and stop codons were excluded in the count.
The skewness of whole PCGs and whole genome were calculated from major strands. ∗Sasakia charonda kuriyamaensis.