Research Article
Delayed Asthmatic Response to Allergen Challenge and Cytokines Released by Nonspecifically Stimulated Blood Cells
Table 1
Characteristics of the patients and control subjects.
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Patients DYAR
| Control subjects | Patients with asthma | Healthy subjects | IAR | LAR | DLAR | | | | |
| Age (years) | 31 ± 4 | 30 ± 5 | 33 ± 3 | 28 ± 6 | 30 ± 6 | Gender (M/F) | 11/13 | 9/12 | 8/9 | 7/11 | 14/12 | Disease history (years) | 4.3 ± 2.1 | 4.5 ± 2.3 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 0 | Asthmatic attacks per month | 3 ± 1 | 3 ± 1 | 4 ± 1 | 4 ± 2 | 0 | FEV1 (% predicted) | 94.7 ± 7.8 | 95.5 ± 6.3 | 92.8 ± 5.4 | 96.1± 5.7 | 100.7 ± 3.6 | FVC (% predicted) | 97.5 ± 5.8 | 98.6 ± 3.7 | 100.3 ± 4.9 | 101.1 ± 6.0 | 103.9 ± 7.0 | Blood leukocyte count (×109/L)° | 10.5 ± 0.6+ | 7.1 ± 0.6 | 8.0 ± 0.9 | 8.3 ± 0.5 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | Blood neutrophil count (×109/L)°° | 7.1 ± 2.5+ | 5.5 ± 2.0 | 5.7 ± 2.1 | 6.0 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.6 | Blood eosinophil count (×106/L)°°° | 311 ± 30 | 527 ± 65* | 513 ± 41* | 538 ± 55* | 235 ± 22 | Bronchial histamine threshold□ | | | | | | ≤2.0 mg/mL | 0 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4.0 mg/mL | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 8.0 mg/mL | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 16.0 mg/mL | 6 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 32.0 mg/mL | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | >32.0 mg/mL | 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 24 | BPT positive/total□□ | 1/1-2 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 0 | Ratio Th1/Th2 (%) in blood● | 8.9 ± 2.2+ | 6.2 ± 3.0 | 6.8 ± 2.7 | 6.5 ± 2.4 | 7.1 ± 2.1 | IFN- (pg/mL)—PBMC● | 364 ± 45+ | 192 ± 40 | 189 ± 61 | 181 ± 55 | 221 ± 43 | IL-4 (pg/mL)—PBMC● | 17.9 ± 5.3 | 24.3 ± 5.4+ | 21.8 ± 4.1 | 23.4 ± 3.6+ | 18.4 ± 4.5 |
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DYAR: delayed asthmatic response; IAR: immediate asthmatic response; LAR: late asthmatic response; DLAR: dual late asthmatic response; asthma: bronchial asthma; values = mean ± SD; statistical significance as compared with healthy control subjects: *; + (borderline); °normal value = 4.0 − 10 × 109/L; °°normal value = 2.0 − 7.2 × 109/L; °°°normal value ≤300 × 106/L; □normal value < 32.0 mg/mL; □□BPT: bronchial provocation tests with allergens (per patient = positive/total); PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; ●after stimulation with PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate).
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