First-Year Outcomes after Stroke Rehabilitation: A Multicenter Study in Thailand

Table 5

Factors associated with the change in Barthel Index (BI) scores^#.

Variables		Univariate analysis		Multiple linear regression
		Change in BI score^#
	𝑛	Mean ± SD	𝑃	𝑏	SE (𝑏)	𝑃
Sex
Female (1)	83	1.90±3.81	0.486	—
Male (0)	113	2.32±4.32
Age (yr)
≥60 (1)	117	2.11±4.21	0.896	—
<60 (0)	79	2.19±3.97
Previous stroke
Yes (1)	28	1.57±5.10	0.428	—
No (0)	168	2.24±3.92
LOS
≥1 month (1)	74	1.05±4.20	0.004	−1.292	0.587	0.029*
<1 month (0)	122	2.80±3.91
Type of stroke
Infarction (1)	142	2.06±4.18	0.633	—
Hemorrhage (0)	54	2.37±3.93
Medical diseases
Yes (1)	128	1.95±4.06	0.357	—
No (0)	68	2.52±4.18
OAI
≥3 mo (1)	40	0.23±3.61	0.001	−1.737	0.717	0.016*
<3 mo (0)	156	2.64±4.09
Perceptual dysfunction
Presence (1)	118	2.02±3.94	0.599	—
Absence (0)	78	2.33±4.37
Bowel / bladder problem
Yes (1)	63	2.35±4.53	0.629	—
No (0)	133	2.05±3.90
Complication at admission
Yes (1)	92	1.75±4.41	0.208	—
No (0)	104	2.49±3.80
Anxiety score at month-12
≥11 (1)	19	0.74±4.37	0.067	−0.036	1.083	0.974
<11 (0)	165	2.48±3.84
Depression score at month-12
≥11 (1)	37	0.87±4.11	0.009	−1.684	0.813	0.040*
<11 (0)	146	2.72±3.75

#Change in BI: BI score at 1-year FU-BI score at DC.
LOS: length of stay, OAI: onset to admission interval means time between stroke and being transferred from acute care to a rehabilitation unit.
∗Statistical significance.