Gastrointestinal Elimination of Perfluorinated Compounds Using Cholestyramine and Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Table 1

Removal of persistent perfluorinated compounds with cholestyramine (CSM) and Chlorella  pyrenoidosa (CP)—female subjects. Objective. To assess whether CSM is consistently effective at removing PFCs from 4 female patients with high PFC levels; posttreatment stool level: after daily CSM or after daily CP. Units—ng/g: blood and ng/g: stool.

Subject	Type of test	PFHxS	PFOS	PFOA	PFNA
#1 female 48	Serum	16.3**	5.67	1.27	0
	Pretreatment stool	1.0	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0
	Post-CSM stool	3.4	1.0	1.1	<1.0
	Post-CP stool	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0
#2 female 24	Serum	35.8**	26.5	2.17	0
	Pretreatment stool	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0
	Post-CSM stool	460	2.1	2.1	<1.0
	Post-CP stool	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0
#3 female 22	Serum	44.1**	27.3	2.33	0.74
	Pretreatment stool	<1.0	1.4	<1.0	<1.0
	Post-CSM stool	16	5.3	<1.0	<1.0
	Post-Chlorella stool	<1.0	1.1	<1.0	<1.0
#4 female 20	Serum	97.5**	44.7	5.04	0.62
	Pretreatment stool	1.7	1.5	<1.0	<1.0
	Post-CSM stool	26.6	36.9	2	<1.0
	Post-CP stool	1.1	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0

∗∗Denotes PFC serum value above 95th percentile, NHANES study.