Irregular Meal Timing Is Associated with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastritis

Table 2

Relationship between deviation from regular meals by number of hours and Helicobacter pylori infection with gastritis and gastritis.

Deviation from regular meals	Control; Count (%)	HP + Gastritis (Group A); Count (%)	Gastritis; (Group B); Count (%)	Group A versus Control: Odds Ratio; (95% Confidence Interval); P value		Group B versus Control: Odds Ratio; (95% Confidence Interval); P value
				Unadjusted	Adjusted^#	Unadjusted	Adjusted^#
0 to <1 hour	62 (60.8%)	38 (31.4%)	28 (28%)	OR = 1.0	OR = 1.0	OR = 1.0	OR = 1.0
≥1 to <1.5 hours	26 (25.5%)	24 (19.83%)	33 (33%)	OR = 1.5; (0.76–3.0); P = 0.242	OR = 1.5; (0.74–3.2); P = 0.249	OR = 2.8; (1.4–5.6); P = 0.003*	OR = 2.5; (1.2–5.0); P = 0.014*
≥1.5 to <2 hours	5 (4.9%)	11 (9.09%)	8 (8%)	OR = 3.6; (1.2–11.1); P = 0.027*	OR = 4.2; (1.3–14.1); P = 0.019*	OR = 3.5; (1.1–11.8); P = 0.039*	OR = 3.3; (0.96–11.6); P = 0.058
≥2 hours	9 (8.8%)	48 (39.67%)	31 (31%)	OR = 8.7; (3.8–19.7); P < 0.001*	OR = 13.3; (5.3–33.3); P < 0.001*	OR = 7.6; (3.2–18.1); P < 0.001*	OR = 6.1; (2.5–15.0); P < 0.001*

HP: Helicobacter pylori, OR: Odds ratio.
^#Adjusted for gender, age, stress, and use of probiotics.
*Statistical significance.
Note: there were no statistical differences in the frequency of deviation from regular meals between groups A and B.