Irregular Meal Timing Is Associated with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastritis

Table 4

Distribution and odds ratio for subjects who deviate from regular meals stratified by hours and frequency of meal deviation.

	Subjects who deviated from their regular meals by ≥1 hour for ≥2 times per week			Subjects who deviated from their regular meals by ≥2 hours for ≥2 times per week
	Count (%)	Unadjusted; Odds Ratio; (95% CI); P value	Adjusted^#; Odds Ratio; (95% CI); P value	Count (%)	Unadjusted; Odds Ratio; (95% CI); P value	Adjusted^#; Odds Ratio; (95% CI); P value
Control (n = 102)	25 (24.5%)	OR = 1	OR = 1.0	8 (7.8%)	OR = 1	OR = 1.0
HP + Gastritis; (Group A) (n = 121)	58 (47.9%)	OR = 2.8; (1.6–5.0); P < 0.001*	OR = 3.1; (1.7–5.8); P < 0.001*	34 (28%)	OR = 4.6; (2.0–10.5); P < 0.001*	OR = 6.3; (2.6–15.2); P < 0.001*
Gastritis (Group B); (n = 100)	51 (51%)	OR = 3.2; (1.8–5.8); P < 0.001*	OR = 2.9; (1.5–5.3); P = 0.001*	26 (26%)	OR = 4.1; (1.8–9.6); P = 0.001*	OR = 3.5; (1.5–8.5); P = 0.005*

HP: Helicobacter pylori, OR: Odds ratio.
^#Adjusted for gender, age, stress, and use of probiotics.
*Statistical significance.
Note: there were no statistical differences in frequency of meal deviation between groups A and B.