Oxidative Cleavage of β-Lactam Ring of Cephalosporins with Chloramine-T in Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic, Mechanistic, and Reactivity Study

Table 1

Effect of varying concentrations of oxidant, substrate, and alkali on the rate of reaction at 301 K.

10^4[CAT]o; (mol dm^−3)	10^3 [Substrate]o; (mol dm^−3)	10^3 [NaOH]; (mol dm^−3)	10^4𝑘^′ (s^−1)
			CEX	CFL	CPD
0.4	1.0	4.4	2.25	5.24	9.78
1.0	1.0	4.4	2.28	5.10	9.69
2.0	1.0	4.4	2.31	5.15	9.84
4.0	1.0	4.4	2.34	5.21	9.85
10.0	1.0	4.4	2.29	5.18	9.80
2.0	0.25	4.4	0.65 (2.60)	1.34 (5.36)	2.50 (10.0)
2.0	0.5	4.4	1.22 (2.40)	2.63 (5.26)	4.94 (9.88)
2.0	1.0	4.4	2.31 (2.31)	5.15 (5.15)	9.84 (9.84)
2.0	2.0	4.4	4.95 (2.48)	10.5 (5.25)	19.2 (9.60)
2.0	4.0	4.4	9.81 (2.45)	20.3 (5.08)	38.4 (9.60)
2.0	1.0	2.2	1.65	3.64	6.65
2.0	1.0	4.4	2.31	5.15	9.84
2.0	1.0	6.6	3.35	6.10	13.4
2.0	1.0	8.8	4.75	7.67	15.5
2.0	1.0	10.0	7.22	8.96	21.1

The values in parentheses refer to second-order rate constants (𝑘^′′ dm³ mol⁻¹ s⁻¹).