Research Article

Influenza Vaccination in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Main characteristics of the included studies.

StudyPeriod of enrollmentCountryStudy designInfluenza vaccine group ( )Control group ( )Gestational month at immunization

Hulka 1964 [34]1962-1963USAProspective cohortPolyvalent inactivated (363)Placebo
(181)
>3rd*
Black et al. 2004 [35]1997–2002USARetrospective cohortTrivalent inactivated (3,707)No vaccine (45,878)7th–9th
Munoz et al. 2005 [36]1998–2003USAMatched retrospective cohortTrivalent inactivated (225)No vaccine
(826)
4th–9th
France et al. 2006 [37]1995–2001USAMatched retrospective cohortTrivalent inactivated (3,160)No vaccine (37,969)4th–9th
Zaman et al. 2008 [38, 39]2004-2005BangladeshRandomized controlled trialTrivalent inactivated (172)Pneumococcal vaccine
(168)
7th–9th
Eick et al. 2011 [40]2002–2005USAProspective cohortTrivalent inactivated (573)No vaccine
(587)
4th–9th
Omer et al. 2011 [41]2004–2006USARetrospective cohortTrivalent inactivated (578)No vaccine (3,590)1st–9th
Sheffield et al. 2012 [42]2003–2008USARetrospective cohortTrivalent inactivated (8,690)No vaccine (76,153)1st–9th

Data assumed by the authors from information available in the paper.
From October 2003 through March 2004, women were vaccinated in the second and third trimesters. From October 2004 through March 2008, women were vaccinated in all three trimesters.
: number of pregnant women in each group.
USA: United States of America.