The Human Frontal Lobes and Frontal Network Systems: An Evolutionary, Clinical, and Treatment Perspective

Table 17

Future treatment strategies proposed for the stroke model.

(1) Small molecules (monoaminergic systems, antibodies against axonal growth inhibitor Nogo-A)
(2) Growth factors (fibroblast growth factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor, hematopoietic growth factor, granulocyte colony stimulating factor)
(3) Cell-based therapies (endothelial progenitor cells, intracerebral transplantation of cultured neuronal cells, intravenous mesenchymal stromal cells)
(4) Electromagnetic stimulation
(5) Device-based therapies
(6) Task orientated and repetitive training-based interventions

Modified from [36].