What Aspect of Dependence Does the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Measure?
Table 3
Correlations between the FTND and HSI and the AUTOS and items assessing preparation for abstinence and latencies to withdrawal experiences.
FTND item number
1
2
3
4
5
6
FTND
HSI**
AUTOS score
.66
.53
.30
.49
.36
.48
.72
.68
Withdrawal subscale
.66
.53
.33
.49
.36
.47
.72
.69
Psychological Dependence subscale
.58
.46
.26
.47
.34
.43
.64
.62
Cue-Induced Cravings to smoke subscale
.60
.47
.24
.41
.29
.43
.63
.60
I am careful not to run out. I make sure I have enough cigarettes for the next morning. ()
.67
.43
.33
.49
.34
.45
.70
.68
If I know I am going to be in a situation where I can not smoke, I will smoke extra to prepare. ()
.46
.43
.27
.37
.28
.43
.53
.48
I have to plan my schedule around smoking.
.46
.37
.22
.38
.31
.34
.52
.48
What percent of the time do you smoke because you need to at that moment?
.48
.43
.24
.33
.33
.38
.54
.49
Latency in hours to wanting ()
−.65
−.42
−.37
−.43
−.25
−.39
−.66
−.65
Latency in hours to craving ()
−.50
−.43
−.30
−.39
−.21
−.33
−.59
−.52
Latency in hours to needing ()
−.37
−.33
−.13*
−.26
−.13*
−.07*
−.37
−.39
*Not significant. All other correlations were significant at P ≤ .001. unless otherwise indicated. The for the latencies is smaller because they apply only to smokers who have experienced them. Bold values are the two strongest correlations for each column.
**HSI: Heaviness of Smoking Index (items 1, 4).
