Impact of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets and Indoor Residual Sprayings on Susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) in Western Côte d'Ivoire

Table 1

Variation of the knockdown times for 50% individuals of field An. gambiae from long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) of Permanet type, indoor residual sprayings (IRS), untreated nets and controls villages within 24 hours following 1 hour exposure to 0.05% deltamethrin, 1% permethrin and 4% DDT impregnated papers, 95% confidence intervals in brackets.

Months	Status	0.05% deltamethrin	1% permethrin	4% DDT
	Kisumu	9.4 (8.5–10.2)	6.3 (5.7–6.9)	15.4 (12.8–18.5)
0	LLINs	23.7 (22.7–24.8)	12.0 (9.3–15.4)	24.6 (23.5–25.8)
	Untreated nets	15.1 (13.1–17.3)	12.3 (11.7–13.0)	30.6 (25.0–37.3)
	IRS	23.0 (21.8–24.1)	14.3 (12.9–15.7)	35.9 (29.2–44.1)
	Controls	16.2 (14.2–17.5)	8.3 (7.4–9.2)	17.0 (12.9–22.5)
3	LLINs	17.9 (16.5–19.4)	15.1 (13.1–17.6)	—
	Untreated nets	16.4 (15.2–17.7)	—	—
	IRS	15.7 (12.0–20.5)	—	—
	Controls	13.1 (11.9–14.3)	13.4 (10.7–15.7)	—
6	LLINs	21.9 (20.5–23.2)	15.3 (13.7–16.9)	41.5 (39.3–43.8)
	Untreated nets	19.6 (18.6–20.7)	13.4 (12.1–14.7)	27.1 (25.2–29.1)
	IRS	20.5 (19.4–21.6)	12.3 (9.0–16.7)	39.7 (36.3–43.3)
	Controls	20.8 (19.2–22.5)	12.9 (11.7–14.3)	—
12	LLINs	15.3 (14.6–16.1)	12.9 (11.6–14.4)	24.0 (21.9–26.1)
	Untreated nets	15.6 (13.7–17.6)	9.5 (8.5–10.5)	33.3 (28.8–38.5)
	IRS	14.3 (13.4–15.2)	11.2 (9.6–13.0)	27.0 (24.9–29.3)
	Controls	13.5 (12.6–14.4)	11.9 (10.1–13.9)	9.0 (5.9–11.7)
15	LLINs	10.5 (9.4–11.4)	9.0 (7.2–11.2)	25.2 (22.1–28.7)
	Untreated nets	14.6 (13.7–15.4)	7.8 (7.2–8.3)	19.8 (16.8–23.3)
	IRS	13.0 (12.2–13.8)	—	—
	Controls	12.5 (11.8–13.1)	7.9 (7.3–8.5)	23.1 (20.9–25.6)