Tooth-Implant Connection: A Review

Table 1

Differences between dental implants and teeth [5].

	Natural teeth	Implant
Junction	Periodontal ligament.	Osseoentegration and functional ankylosis.
Junction epithel (JE)	Hemidesmosomes ve basal lamina.	Hemidesmosomes and basal lamina.
Connect tissue (CT)	13 group: vertical surfaces and tooth surface.	2 group: parallel ve circuler fibers.; No attachment on implant and bone surface.
Biological width (BW)	JE: 0.97–1.14 mm; CT: 0.77–1.07 mm; BW: 2.04–2.91 mm	JE: 1.88 mm; CT: 1.05 mm; BW: 3.08 mm
Blood supply	High	Low
Probing depth	3 mm in healthy tissue.	2.5–5.0 mm according to soft tissue depth.
Pressure sensivity	High	Low
Axial movability	25–100 nm	3–5 nm
Movement type	Two phased.; Primary: compelex and nonlinear movement.; Secondary: linear and elastic movement.	Linear and elastic movement.
Movement forms	Primary: urgent movement.; Secondary: proggressive movement.	Gradual movement
Hinge point in lateral movements	1/3 apex region of the root.	Crestal Bone
Property of freightening	Shock absorpbtion mechanism and stress distrubition.	Concentration and stress increase in crestal bone.
Overload findings	Widening in periodontal ligament, movement, abrasion surface, fremitus, and pain.	Loss of screw or fracture, fracture in abutment or prosthesis, bone loss, and implant fracture.