50 Years of the K-BKZ Constitutive Relation for Polymers

Figure 3

Fluid particle trajectory (pathline) and relevant notation (in steady-state flows of viscoelastic fluids, the present state of the stress 𝝉(𝐱) is a function of the present kinematics [𝐯(𝐱),∇𝐯(𝐱)] as well as of those of the past states).