Effects of Atorvastatin on Atherosclerosis and Atherogenesis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Pilot Study

Table 4

Adjusted mean changes of measured variables (95% confidence interval).

Variable	Placebo (𝑛=13)	Atorvastatin (𝑛=12)	Difference	𝐹	𝑃
OxLDLβ 2GPI u/mL	0.29 (−0.06 to 0.64)	−0.62 (−0.99 to −0.26)	−0.92 (−1.45 to −0.39)	12.97	0.002
CRP µg/mL	−1.28 (−2.45 to −0.11)	−2.89 (−4.11 to −1.66)	−1.61 (−3.41 to 0.19)	3.47	0.077
SAA µg/mL	−10.28 (−12.26 to −8.30)	−8.53 (−10.60 to −6.46)	1.75 (−1.28 to 4.79)	1.45	0.243
NO3^− µM	−0.62 (−8.00 to 6.76)	−5.58 (−13.30 to 2.14)	−4.96 (−16.27 to 6.35)	0.84	0.371
NO2^− µM^#	−0.09 (−0.34 to 0.15)^4	0.10 (−0.14 to 0.35)	0.20 (−0.57 to 0.18)	1.20	0.288
NT nM^#	0.95 (0.15 to 1.75)	0.65 (−0.18 to 1.49)	−0.30 (−0.93 to 1.52)	0.26	0.619
TG mmol/L	−0.02 (−0.35 to 0.30)^1	−0.33 (−0.34 to −0.03)^2	−0.31 (−0.77 to 0.15)	2.09	0.170
CHO mmol/L	0.38 (−0.19 to 0.96)^1	−1.39 (−1.86 to −0.91)	−1.77 (−2.61 to −0.92)	19.64	<0.001
LDL mmol/L	0.42 (0.07 to 0.78)^2	−1.13 (−1.47 to −0.79)^3	−1.55 (−2.07 to −1.03)	40.23	<0.001
HDL mmol/L	0.04 (−0.10 to 0.17)^4	−0.01 (−0.14 to 0.13)	−0.04 (−0.26 to 0.17)	0.18	0.677
PON U/L	1.15 (−14.48 to 16.79)^4	3.40 (−12.24 to 19.03)	2.24 (−24.10 to 28.59)	0.03	0.860
PON/HDL	−7.19 (−17.45 to 3.07)^4	13.04 (2.78 to 23.30)	20.23 (4.81 to 35.64)	7.54	0.013
PDN mg/day	1.00 (−1.07 to 3.07)^2	−1.04 (−2.91 to 0.82)^4	−2.04 (−5.00 to 0.91)	2.13	0.163
IMT CC mm	−0.002 (−0.006 to 0.002)	0.003 (−0.002 to 0.007)^2	0.005 (−0.011 to 0.001)	2.59	0.125

oxLDLβ ₂GPI: oxidised low density lipoprotein beta-2-glycoprotein-1 complex; CRP: C-reactive protein; SAA: serum amyloid A; NO₃⁻: nitrate; NO₂⁻: nitrite; NT: nitrotyrosine; TG: triglycerides; CHO: total cholesterol; LDL: low density lipoprotein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; PON: paraoxonase; PDN: prednisolone. Data adjusted for baseline age and disease duration. (¹𝑛=9, ²𝑛=10, ³𝑛=11, ⁴𝑛=12; ^#dependent variable = difference between ln (follow-up + 1) and ln (baseline + 1), covariate = ln (baseline + 1).